Thefeetare located at the end of the legs and are used to stand and walk. Feet are very complex, comprised of 28 bones and 30 joints. The tendons, ligaments, and muscles in the feet number more than 100. Believe it or not, the feet absorb more than 100,000 pounds of pressure during...
New paper: review of the supernumerary muscles of the human leg and foot New paper out today: Boisvert et al. (2025) on all the Haplos Recent Comments 2,800 — And Gr… on Dear Royal Society: please sto… LeeB on If you believe in “Artif… Gus on If you believe in “Artif…...
Anushka and Jessica were not deterred. They made a very sharp pivot, which I thought was impressive at the time, and still think is impressive. Since they couldn’t survey the variant muscles of the leg in the lab, they’d survey them in the literature, and write a review paper. Cruci...
Polycystic ovary syndrome:AbbreviatedPCOS. Polcystic ovary syndrome is a condition in women characterized by irregular or no menstrual periods,acne,obesity, and excess hair growth.PCOSis a disorder of chronically abnormal ovarian function and hyperandrogenism (abnormally elevatedandrogenlevels). It affects...
The most common causes of pain behind the knee are: Legs Cramps Your muscles can feel tight. The tightness is referred as cramps. Too much work on the muscles without stretching it can lead to the muscles tightness. So, the leg cramps can cause the pain behind the knee. The overuse of...
Joints are places where two or more bones meet. These bones do not magically fit together like an anatomical puzzle but are, rather, fused with a variety of cartilaginous structures known asligaments. There are also muscles andtendonsinvolved in the joining of bones. Joints can move in many ...
knee. A human’s knee joint is a hinge joint. A horse’s knee is several bones held together by small muscles, tendons, and ligaments. The bones in the knee are similar to the bones of a human’s wrists. Thestifle jointin the back leg is actually closer in structure to a human ...
Amedeo et al (2021) on variation in human leg muscles Wedel et al. (2021) on expanded neural canals in the Snowmass Haplocanthosaurus Taylor and Wedel (2021) on pneumatic variation Staples et al (2019) on long cutaneous branches of the obturator nerve in humans Taylor (2018) on Xenoposeid...
We’ve known for a while now that the cervical ribs of sauropods — like those of birds — are ossified tendons. And from comparisons with crocs and birds, we expect that sauropod cervical ribs had two sets of muscles inserting on them: a lateral set, and a ventral set. They’re the...
These long cervical ribs are ossified tendons of ventral neck muscles, presumably longus colli ventralis. We know they’re ossified tendons because of their bone histology (Klein et al. 2012), and we suspect that they’re longus colli ventralis because those tendons look the same in birds, jus...