Deep reinforcement learning for active flow control in a turbulent separation bubble The control of turbulent flows is crucial for improving efficiency in engineering systems. Here, authors show in a numerical simulation that using deep reinforcement learning to control surface actuators can successfully ...
Controlling matter one molecule at a time is the ultimate goal of nanotechnology. Here, the authors show that it is possible to use a scanning tunnelling microscope to measure and influence the outcome of a single-molecule reaction with multiple competing outcomes. Pieter J. Keenan Rebecca M. Pu...
infrastructural supports; the 2022/2023 Plants for Biotechnological Resources (PBR) undergraduate Biochemistry students are acknowledged for their technical assistances; and Department of Material Science and Engineering, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ife, for the use of their Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM...
Manipulation of the mechanical and electrical parts of a smart grid device is always feasible if an attacker gets physical access to the device, and is not a matter of IT security. However, being able to manipulate the programmed functionality of a smart grid device can be a critical threat ...
underAcontrol conditions (not light-exposed), and 2 days after application of blue light (455 nm),Bfor 2.5 min andCfor 7.5 min. [LED light source, power input 921 mW; cell staining with calcein-AM (AAT Bioquest) 15 h after scratching; fluorescence microscope WiScan® Hermes (Idea Bio...
Under transmission electron microscope (TEM), it was found that the LMNPs changed from a spherical shape to a rod shape. After X-ray diffraction spectrum measurement, it was found that the main component of the rod-shaped LMNPs was gallium oxide monohydroxide (GaO(OH)). Moreover, the ...
We used for the observations an inverted-light microscope with phase-contrast filter to which a video camera was connected to make recordings. Specimens from the intertidal area (Wadden Sea), and especially the epifaunal to shallow infaunal taxa, showed to be very active and able to survive ...
the medium was replaced with a differentiation medium consisting of 2% (v/v) horse serum (GIBCO), 2 mm glutamine, 100 U/mL penicillin, and 100 µg/mL DMEM. The differentiation medium was refreshed every 24 h for 7 days. Myotube formation was monitored daily using an inverted microscope...
on an Olympus BX53 polarized light microscope at 500×total magnification. Retardance was converted into birefringence by dividing by the thickness of the fibres in nm. Sequence analysis. Amino acid sequences of the fibroins used for the sequence analysis were retrieved from GenBank: Bombyx...
Scanning electron microscope of TZG TH informs that the particles are agglomerated. High resolution transmission electron microscopy image of TZG-TH reveals the presence narrowly distributed spherical particles (having the sizes in the range 40 nm–100 nm) in sheet like structure The core level X-...