It is shown that most photons with the parameters of the highest energy AGASA events should initiate cascades in the Earth's magnetosphere with a high probability even though they tend to arrive from directions
We perform Monte Carlo simulations of cascades initiated by photons with parameters of the highest energy showers observed by the past and present detectors (AGASA, Fly's Eye, Yakutsk, Haverah Park). The purpose is to find out which events should cascade with high probability if initiated by ...
Antimatter is made up of antiparticles. Every particle has an antiparticle. Antiparticles have the same mass and rest energy but are oppositely charged. They are usually labelled with a line over the top of their symbol.
Evidence of the presence of a proton PeVatron has been found in the Galactic Centre, according to the detection of a hard-spectrum radiation extending to 0.04 PeV (ref. 2). Although γ-rays with energies slightly higher than 0.1 PeV have been reported from a few objects in the Galactic ...
Increasing the energy limit for photons with which we observe the universe is, however, challenging. Since the flux of a typical source, such as a neutron star, decreases rapidly (by approximately two orders of magnitude for each order of magnitude increase in energy), ever larger detectors are...
Since photons have no rest mass, their impact on the nucleus induces little angular momentum, well suited for studying structures high above the yrast line, i.e. at comparatively high internal energy or temperature. Photons interact electromagnetically with the nucleus “at the photon point”, i....
It was hoped that the Large Hadron Collider, the highest-energy and most expensive particle accelerator atCERNwould lead to supersymmetry, which could resolve some of the problems of theStandard Model of particle physics. A dark matter particle from the dark sector, a name referring to dark ener...
The fact that propagating degrees of freedom of gravity have mass is a fundamental issue with implications in many areas of physics including the propagation of gravitational waves [43]. Also, the possible existence of a selfconsistent quantum field theoretical framework of GR valid at all energy ...
mentioned above, with a particular focus on the opportunities for novel research. Firstly, regarding class 1 bricks, one could, for instance, point out that to begin any research on the observation of UHE photons requires assuming that these particles have a significant probability of reaching ...
The generation of ultra-long single photons is for example an essential requirement for precise interactions with media exhibiting a sharp energy structure like trapped atoms, ions or doped solids, which have been proposed as quantum memories for light4,5,6 and also with cavity opto-mechanical ...