Tramadol might be tried for post-SCI NP after the use of gabapentin/pregabalin,tricyclic antidepressants are insufficient [135] Valproic acid(600 mg/BID),p.o. 8-weeks RDBPC, crossover N: 20M: 15W: 5≥ 18 years MPQ Blocking voltage-gated ion channels,No significant analgesic effects [125]...
All class I and II controlled trials (according to EFNS classification of evidence) were assessed, but lower-class studies were considered in conditions that had no top level studies. Only treatments feasible in an outpatient setting were evaluated. Effects on pain symptoms/signs, quality of life...
Janca A, Ustun TB, Early TS, Sartorius N. The ICD-10 symptom checklist: a companion to the ICD-10 classification of mental and behavioural disorders. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 1993;28(5):239–42. PubMedCASGoogle Scholar Kupfer DJ, Regier DA. Neuroscience, clinical evidence, and ...
So-called ‘weak’ or ‘step 2 opioids’ of the World Health Organisation (WHO) classification include codeine, dihydrocodeine and tramadol, used for the treatment of moderate to severe pain from the outset or for pain that does not respond to the use of non-opioids. In this class of ...
Tetrabenazine, levetiracetam, and gabapentin efficacy should be studied in more detail. Lack of evidence is partially due to the inconsistency of classifications and outcome measures used. Outcome measures should be selected within the framework of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability...
Large-scale drug trials that aim to identify possible subgroups of patients who are likely to respond to specific drugs are needed to test the hypothesis that a mechanism-based classification may help improve treatment of the individual patients....
Other GABAergic medications represent potentially promising drugs useful for the treatment of AWS and for the maintenance of alcohol abstinence. Clomethiazole, gabapentin, and γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) present a similar efficacy as BZs in suppressing AWS. Current evidence also suggests that gabapentin an...
and multiple sclerosis-related neuropathic pain. Tricyclic antidepressants, serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, and gabapentinoids have some evidence for efficacy in central neuropathic pain. Medications from other pharmacologic classes may also provide pain relief, but current evidence is limited. Ce...
The pathogenesis of migraine headache is not completely understood, but it is thought to involve three key factors, namely, (a) the cranial blood vessels, (b) the trigeminal innervation of these vessels, and (c) the reflex connection of the trigeminovascular system (Fig.1) in the cranial ...
classification system (BCS). Other attributes such as narrow therapeutic index and relatively high variability have also been identified as barriers for CBZ generic substitution and/or product interchangeability [5,6]. The dissolution of CBZ in vivo is, therefore, the limiting step of its absorption...