Global Change BiologyCamill, P. 2000: How much do local factors matter for predicting transient ecosystem dynamics? Suggestions from permafrost formation in boreal peatlands. Global Change Biology 6, 169-82.Cam
It is a product of cold climate that compels it to grow from the surface downward, and its formation, persistence, position of the base, and top strongly depend on climate. The air temperature and the length of freezing season are the most important factors that practically determine the ...
old carbon could be lost rapidly through decomposition in response to warming. In particular, the slow burial of soil carbon below the base of seasonally thawed surface layers (the active layer) into deeper permafrost layers has led over tens of millennia to the formation of an enormous sto...
So, the arctic and sub-arctic ecosystems are turning into a source of carbon dioxide, instead of storing carbon dioxide previously locked up in the permafrost. Further degradation and formation of taliks (an unfrozen section of ground found above, below, or within a layer of permafrost) will ...
Thawing has released methane gas through the decomposition of plants and animals once frozen in the soil and through the formation of cracks that connect deeper methane-filled gas pockets to the surface. In some cases, the sudden release of built-up pressure in these gas pockets can be ...
ice formation In ice formation periglacial landforms In glacial landform: Permafrost, patterned ground, solifluction deposits, and pingos Pleistocene Epoch In Pleistocene Epoch: Periglacial environments polar barrens and tundra In tundra: Soils In tundra: Effects of human activities and climate change In ...
The results provide novel insights into recent changes in FDD/TDD and permafrost extent.Keywords pan-Arctic Freezing-thawing index Permafrost extent Spatial and temporal trends Global warming hiatus 1. Introduction The global warming trend slowed down between 1998 and 2013, often referred to as the ...
Permafrost underlies about a quarter of the northern hemisphere and can form in sediment or bedrock and on land or under the ocean. Permafrost forms incrementally and, in the regions where it is up to 1 km thick, permafrost can represent thousands of years of formation. Permafrost is present ...
The rate of river migration affects the stability of Arctic infrastructure and communities1,2 and regulates the fluxes of carbon3,4, nutrients5 and sediment6,7 to the oceans. However, predicting how the pace of river migration will change in a warming Arctic8 has so far been stymied by co...
Since the formation of ice crystals involves re-orientation of the liquid water molecules, electrical freezing potentials may reach as high as 1200 mv in lacustrine clays at Illisarvik (Parameswaran and Mackay, 1983). Once the production of heat of fusion becomes lower than the heat loss at ...