This white-on-black chart shows what atoms look like. This chart shows all the fundamental atomic electron orbitals as electron probability density distributions (fuzzy clouds), which is as close as you can get to visualizing what an atom really looks like. The orbitals are labeled. This elegan...
There are seven rows (periods), 18 columns (groups), and four blocks in the periodic table. Groups are numbered from 1 (leftmost column) to 18 (rightmost column). The blocks are labeled the s-block, f-block, d-block, and p-block. ...
Halogen FRs, like their name suggests, are molecules that incorporate elements from group VII of the periodic table—F, Cl, Br, and I. They can vary widely in chemical structure, from aliphatic to aromatic carbon substrates that have been per-halogenated (all hydrogens replaced with halogen at...
Periods Horizontal rows on the periodic table, labeled 1-7. Families Vertical columns on the periodic table, labeled 1-18. Electron Shells Same number of shells in elements of a period. Nuclear Charge Increasing positive charge affecting properties across periods. Atomic Size Decreases across a per...
Placing the element in the middle of the table keeps hydrogen from being falsely labeled as an alkali metal and keeps it from being classified as a metal since it isn’t identified with a specific column or group. Secondly, helium is a noble gas, but it has two valence electrons, which ...
Take a moment to see how the above image relates to the complete periodic table, which we reproduce below. Each row that begins with H down through Fr corresponds to a period; in this table, there are seven periods. Each column, labeled with small blue numbers 1-18 along the top of th...