A performance bond is a financial guarantee to one party in a contract against the failure of the other party to meet its obligations. It is also referred to as a contract bond. A performance bond is usually provided by a bank or an insurance company to make sure a contractor completes de...
If the contractor does not meet the obligations of the bid bond, the contractor and the surety are heldjointly and severally liablefor the bond. A client will usually opt for the lowest bidder since it will mean reduced costs for the company. If a contractor wins the bid but decides not ...
Banking has become a business of collecting fees, whether on trading activity or stock and bond offerings or on business transactions connected with private equity and other types of principal investments. The good old business of banking, what Leo Tilman calls “Balance Sheet Arbitrage”, is not ...
(PSD),is then revived in the bond market.The good feature it owns is that it tights its coupon rate with the performance of the firm by the factorθ.For a financially-constrained firm,the financing cost differs from inside to outside,so there exists the optimal financing choice when the ...
This implies that the majority Ni2+ ions were not incorporated in the PDA matrix. It is possible that when both Ni2+ and Cu2+ ions were present, Ni2+ first reacted with PDA to form Ni-PDA complex with an ion to PDA ratio of ~ 1:2.8. Then the Cu2+ ions substituted the Ni2...
The main objective of green finance is to invest in activities that promote energy conservation and environmental protection (Du et al., 2023). It consists of various financial instruments, such as green bond, green credit and cli- mate finance. Empirical evidence has found that green finance ...
The limitation of bond mobility within the membrane structure resulted in an elevation of the Tg of the membranes. The fact that the Tg of FBA-additive membranes surpasses the operating temperature of the PEMFC is believed to have a beneficial impact on proton conductivity. Furthermore, the ...
(2005) discover that financial market integration channel has a strong relationship between various financial securities prices (particularly high-turnover bond and equity prices) in markets of the developed and developing countries. Feldstein and Horioka (1980) and Feldstein (1983) (also see Haque ...
In this study, we used two approaches: linear DPD estimation (longitudinal dynamic panel data) methods of movements and the Arellano–Bond estimator of generalized methods of movement since we are dealing with a dynamic panel model. The Eqs. 6 and 7 were designed to empirically encapsulate the ...
The peak around 1589 cm−1 is related to the epoxide bond and the bending vibration of water molecules in the GO matrix, whereas the IR spectra of graphite indicate no specific properties, confirming that the graphite is successfully oxidized to GO by the applied synthesis method. Figure 2...