It is the reciprocal of the peak factor and should be measured within specified time-intervals that will provide realistic values for the specific purposes of a particular analysis of a water supply and distribution system. This paper briefly reviews some previous studies on peak factors and ...
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The difference is almost a factor of 1.5–2. In reviewing this subject, Masselink (1993) has drawn attention to some of the physical features that make this situation the case, such as the lower effective mass and larger Ɣ–L energy level separation for electrons in Ga0.47In0.53As. ...
A threshold is then calculated by multiplying \(l_{max}\) by a scaling factor \(\alpha\). The parameter \(\tau = \alpha \times l_{max}\) subsequently acts as a load redistribution limit and controls the total amount of load that can be shifted in each time-step. The case of \(...
Status or family size is not a factor in the rate structure. Rates are based upon use and application type (ie. Residential, Irrigation, or General Service – Commercial, Industrial, Wholesale). How much water is used through a meter and the meter size is what determines the overall bill....
He defined a stress intensity factor (K) that reflects the severity of the singular stress field surrounding the crack tip and the corresponding material property, the critical stress intensity factor or fracture toughness (Kc), that is proportional to the square root of the fracture energy (Gc)...
Once you are at Lo Manthang’s altitude, built-in acclimatization days are an important factor in a successful climb. The climb takes place over two days but involves staying six nights in a tented camp. The two days of actual climbing are from Base Camp to Camp I and from Camp I to...
A second factor concerns the latent heat of ice. A great deal of heat is needed to melt ice before the temperature of liquid water can begin to rise. A simple experiment can easily demonstrate latent heat: Add a great deal of ice to a beaker of water and wait for the temperature to ...
The weighing factor, α, is determined by the system dampen observation. Dovrtel and Medved [96,97] applied discreet Kalman filter to predict the ambient temperature for a specific location, which utilized previous known differences between the observations and forecasting results. The forecasting res...
Each interface shall be evaluated to determine additional “in series” facilities, defined as any transmission facility higher than 115 kV that (a) is located in an upstream or downstream zone adjacent to the interface and (b) has a power transfer distribution factor (DFAX) equal to or ...