第一种这样的方法是Impact Analysis[5],然后又陆续开发了30多种工具:us (Pathway-Express [5, 18], SPIA [27], ROntoTools [29], BLMA [22, 23]), as well as others (NetGSA [24], TopoGSA [9], TopologyGSA [20], DEGraph [16], PWEA [15]