When a particle moves across the beam, the reflected light will carry information about the particle's movement through the variation of the phase of the light that reaches the detector, producing a frequency shift associated with the movement of the particle in the transverse plane....
Fig. 68(a) shows how momentary dipols form at the interface due to random movement of electrons. The majority of particles carry a small net charge that will lead to an attractive force to an opposing charge found at surfaces. The dipoles and resulting forces contribute to particle adhesion ...
In subject area: Agricultural and Biological Sciences PIV is essentially a non-contact, non-intrusive velocity measurement technique that quantifies the movement of small and light particles moving within illuminated planes transecting the body of a fluid. ...
A fifteen year old technique for proving survival of the basic one dimensional contact process is extended in order to obtain improved upper bounds for contact like processes. Comparison techniques are described which can be combined with these survival
We note that 200 nm polystyrene beads were also trapped using the SO-beam (see Supplementary Fig. S6a in Supplementary Materials), but we did not use them for analyzing the trapping stiffness, owing to their smaller size and resulting difficulty in precisely quantifying their movement. Next, ...
To optimize the practicality of the presented technol- ogy, we analyze the maximum velocities in various scenar- ios to manipulate the movement of particles with different sizes. Our approach involves a test that affects the circu- lar motion of polystyrene particles. Specifically, with the ...
One attempts to model the mean value uf′υf′¯ by assuming that the rate for a movement down the gradient of turbulent fluid element caused by turbulent shear is proportional to the magnitude of gradient, i.e. uf′υf′¯=-εt∂Uf/∂y. The proportional constant ɛt is ...
One attempts to model the mean value uf′υf′¯ by assuming that the rate for a movement down the gradient of turbulent fluid element caused by turbulent shear is proportional to the magnitude of gradient, i.e. uf′υf′¯=-εt∂Uf/∂y. The proportional constant ɛt is ...
This discrepancy originated from the vibration of the PCP in the z-direction. This was missing in the RSS, which was only driven by the standing wave in the x-direction. 3.2. Motion of Particles and Separation Efficiency Studying the effects of the three forces on particle movement is ...
Comparison of stress-particle velocity curves in Figures A.5 and A.6 show that the “Simple Wave” Model and the “Strength Model” lead to very similar results. Figures A.10 and A.11 show the relation between stress and free surface velocities for normal motion and transverse motion, respe...