to shorten relative clauses to make one sentence out of two after verbs of ›perception‹ (e.g.see, watch, hear, listen to, smell, feel) after verbs of ›rest‹ and ›movement‹ (e.g.run, go, come, stay, stand, lie, sit) after the verb have instead of a subordinate c...
Functionsofthepresentparticiple Usedasattributive/premodifier 1.动词现在分词单独作定语，通常放在所修饰词前。例如：ThesleepingboyisTom.2.现在分词短语作定语放在所修饰词的后面，意思同定语从句差不多。例如：Tellthechildrenplayingoutsidenottomaketoomuchnoise.=Tellthechildrenwhoareplayingoutsidenottomaketoomuch...
3. after perception verbs-see,hear,smell,feel.. Isaw Tom runout of the bank. 4. afterletandmake. (passive +to-infinitive) Theymade him payfor the damage. Hewas made to payfor the damage. 5. afterwould rather, had better. Iwould rather not goout tonight. Ihad betterstay at home....
(“The weather being fine” is an active description of the situation.) Past Participle Thepast participlegenerally has apassive meaningand often ends in-ed(for regular verbs) or an irregular form (e.g., fallen, burnt). He found the house burned. ...