Additionally, let’s say I know how a French word is spelled but don’t know the definition. If someone tells me the English translation, I easily forget the meaning if I don’t see the English word written down. If someone says the word and shows me the text in both languages, then...
In Figure 2.7, we plot the reliability of a simplex (a single module), a triplex (TMR), and an NMR cluster with N = 5. For high values of R(t), the greater the redundancy, the higher the system reliability. As R(t) decreases, the advantages of redundancy become less marked; until...
It also required the people involved to have a good guess for the best next point on the chain, which they almost by definition didn’t have anywhere near enough knowledge to do even remotely optimally. I’m sure Milgram didn’t correct forthat. Modern computing techniques enable figuring out...
Our definition of unannotated and intronic conserved elements is very con- servative, so that any amount of overlap between a conserved element and a genomic feature, such as any type of exon, a match to an expressed sequence, a predicted gene, or a repeat is considered s...
The simulation scale we have reached in this work, in terms of both the number of qubits and the circuit depths, is far beyond the simulations that have been done in existing literature, and the capability of existing quantum computers. Although we have limited ourselves to the physically ...
Recall the definition of kθ in Section 3.2 which shows that the isotropy defect Δk can represented by plotting stiffness kθ as a function of force direction θ. For a perfectly isotropic spring, this should be constant and the plot a horizontal line. Fig. 15(a) and (b) illustrates st...
A plot of priority assignment as a function of the vertex degree (as in the priority-assignment functions (1) and (2) above) for the lowest and highest random values may show the lowest possible function value, which occurs when the random number is zero, and an upper bound for the high...
Our particular strategy, known in the literature as PARAFAC, finds a 2D matrix (i.e. one “smaller component”) for each dimension. All such matrices are of the same size along one dimension; this dimension is what we refer to as the number of “latent factors.” The number of latent ...
definition of reward and punishment refers to the behavior that a stimulus induces. That is, a stimulus, which increases (or decreases) the frequency of a preceding action, constitutes a reward (or a punishment)84. Feedback cues on the cWCST fall within that definition of reward and ...
realized by recursively dividing the cube encompassing the entire molecule into octants until the number of points in a single or multiple octants at a given depth is less than a number of threads to be treated in the thread-block. Similar approaches have been discussed in the literature33,...