Wise, 2004, Social Security Programs and Retirement Around the World: Introduction and Summary. In: J. Gruber and D. Wise, eds., Social Security Programs and Retirement Around the World: Micro Estimation, Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 1-40....
The effective tax on earnings embodied in the Social Security retirement earnings test has been as high as 50 percent. Despite numerous empirical studies, ... DS Loughran,SJ Haider - 《Working Papers》 被引量: 51发表: 2007年 The Evolution of Bank Supervision: Evidence from U.S. States Unpub...
Budzynowski,Heiser- The con Neumann architecture is due for retirement.pdf Bugiel,Heuser,Sadeghi- Flexible and Fine-grained Mandatory Access Control on Android for Diverse Security and Privacy Policies.pdf Bugnion,Chipounov,Candea- Lightweight Snapshots and System-level Backtracking.pdf Buhlmann,Delba...
This paper was commissioned by the Michigan Retirement Research Center (MRRC). Additional financial support was provided by the National Institute on Aging (NIA) through the NBER, the German Science Foundation (DFG) through the Sonderfor... A Börschsupan,CB Wilke,A Börschsupan,... 被引量...
run; retirement timing in the medium run; and earningsaffect specialty choice in the long run. 6.谁重视人力资本家的人力资本?美国医生的收入和劳动力供应 摘要: 政府是否在引导劳动力市场顶端那只看不见的手?我们使用新的行政数据来衡量医生的收入,并估计医疗保健政策对这些收入、医生的劳动力供应和人才配置...
JB James,PC Marcie - 《Work Aging & Retirement》 被引量: 0发表: 2016年 Do conditions in early life affect old-age mortality directly and indirectly? Evidence from 19th-century rural Sweden Previous research has shown that the disease load experienced during the birth year, measured as the inf...
retirementbehaviourpoliticalconstraintsDuring the last decade the traditionally high participation rate of elderly workers in Switzerland has remained constant for men and has increased substantially for women. Low social security implicit tax rates epitomize positive work incentives for mid- and high-income...
The effect of the woman retiring is that she is no longer actively working and may be eligible for retirement benefits such as a pension or social security. Choice 1, "She received her pension," is a potential outcome of her retirement. Choice 2, "She paid off her mortgage," is not ...
labor market are measured by Social Security Wealth,defined at each hypothetical retirement age, and a variable measuring theimplicit tax, imposed by the income security system, on staying in the laborforce. The point estimates from our econometric model, which should beinterpreted with caution, ...
The cornerstone of FDR's reform package, Social Security offered Americans something no generation had ever experienced before—a guarantee. Prior to 1935, providing for the elderly was left to communities, charities, churches, and families. Social Security would take contributions from taxes to ...