Understanding the sensing mechanism of metal oxide semiconductors is imperative to the development of high-performance sensors. The traditional sensing mechanism only recognizes the effect of surface chemisorbed oxygen from the air but ignores surface la
Reducing the working temperature of solid oxide fuel cells is critical to their increased commercialization but is inhibited by the slow oxygen exchange kinetics at the cathode, which limits the overall rate of the oxygen reduction reaction. We use ab&nb
Under some circumstances, the oxygen atom could also gain electrons. If it gained one electron, it would then have eight positive charges and nine negative charges, or an overall charge of −1. The charged atoms of oxygen in all of the above cases are no longer called atoms. They are ...
especially in rainy weather. The dissolved oxygen of clean surface water is nearly saturated. When a large number of algae propagate, do may be oversaturated; When the water body is polluted by organic and inorganic reducing substances, the dissolved oxygen content will decrease or even tend to ...
Redox reactions as a power source In an electrochemical cell, the two half reactions are separated Ions and electrons flow through the cell to complete the reaction Energy released by this reaction can be captured as a voltage and current (battery) In the environment, half reactions are not sep...
5e, h; the yellow area is the gained electron and the blue area is the lost electron, indicating that the reaction occurs on the CoN4 sites with an abundance of electron transfers compared with that on the Pt sites. These results reveal that the single Co atom in the Li–O2 batteries ...
The structural, electronic, and optical properties of β-Ga2O3 with oxygen vacancies are studied by employing first-principles calculations based on density function theory. Based on the defects formation energies, we conclude the oxygen vacancies are mo
While DNA restoration hypotheses can explain the benefit of meiosis–mixis cycles, the origin of sexes or the evolutionary advantages gained by this trait remain unaccounted for. The last common ancestor of eukaryotes (LECA) was probably unisexual, whereas bi-, tri-, and multisexual systems evolv...
Catalytic reduction of CO2 over Cu-based catalysts can produce various carbon-based products such as the critical intermediate CO, yet significant challenges remain in shedding light on the underlying mechanisms. Here, we develop a modified triple-stage
where η (%) stands for the average current efficiency, 𝑄𝑡Qt is the total number of electrons at reaction time t (min), Q(NO−2)𝑡Q(NO2−)t, Q(N2)𝑡Q(N2)t, and Q(NH+4)𝑡Q(NH4+)t (C) are the electrons consumed during nitrate reduction to nitrite, N2, and amm...