The stability of polymers is thus inversely proportional to the number of hydrogen atoms with the carbon atoms present in the polymer chain. The degradation is catalyzed by heavy metals such as copper. The degr
Biofilms Oxidative stress Antimicrobial resistance Reactive oxygen species Reactive chlorine species Hydrogen peroxide Hypochlorous acid 1. Introduction Bacterial biofilms are becoming a prevailing area of microbial research as their ubiquitous presence and influence across artificial and natural environments become...
ROS can form endogenously through the reaction between O2andunivalent electron donors, such asmetal centres,dihydroflavin cofactors(FADH2cofactors) andquinones1. In particular, ROS, reactive nitrogen species (RNS) and reactive chlorine species (RCS) arise in environments that are hostile to bacteria;...
In recent years, the electrochemistry-induced reactions have drawn much attention due to the high reaction efficiency, innate scalability and sustainability of the electrolytic process41,42,43,44,45,46,47. The past decade has witnessed the rapid development of difunctionalization of unsaturated bonds i...
Chemical halogenation is an important transformation in organic synthesis. Halogenations involve the use of reactive and toxic halogens (X2) or hydrogen halides (HX). Chemical halogenations are fast and exothermic, but with little regio- or stereoselecti
Elements of Chemical Reaction Engineering. 5th ed. New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 2016 Google Scholar Peres J C G, Tambani P C, Teixeira A C S C, Guardani R, Vianna A SJr. Study of an annular photoreactor with tangential inlet and outlet. II. The UV/H2O2 reactive flow. Chemical ...
1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m 2. Molecular Representations1h 14m Intermolecular Forces 15m How To Determine Solubility 11m Functional Groups 48m 3. Acids and Bases2h 46m Organic Chemistry Reactions 7m Reaction Mechanism 34m Acids and Bases ...
In Eqn (22.4), chlorine is oxidized from +1 to +3 because the +2 oxidation state is not normally accessible for that atom. Note that in each of these reactions, the number of bonds to the central atom is increased by two. In the reaction shown in Eqn (22.3), sulfur increases in ...
The hot stream can be obtained by recycling and directly burning the same hydrogen produced by the process. Further steam has to be conveniently added to the hydrogen/oxygen flame to reduce the temperatures. The overall exothermicity of the reaction produces energy as byproduct of the process. ...
An oxidative halogenation and optional dehydrogenation process involving contacting a reactant hydrocarbon having three or more carbon atoms, such as propane or propene, or a haloge