The culture of shisha smoking is popular in Midle East country that curently has been also entering Indonesia. The side effect of shisha smoking habit is still very rare reported. Aim of this study is to describe the oral mucosa condition of shisha user. A preliminary observasional study was...
Overview of Oral Mucosa The oral mucosa consists of an outermost layer of stratified squamous epithelium below which lies a basement membrane and a lamina propria (Figure 5.2).This is similar to stratified squamous epithelia found elsewhere in the body as it has a basal cell layer and a number...
The function of the oral mucosa is to provide a host defense, mastication, swallowing, speech, and flavor perception.11 Although it has been reported that during the normal aging process the oral mucosa thins, loses elasticity, and has a diminished attachment to underlying bone and connective tis...
L. et al. Urethral lengthening in metoidioplasty (female-to-male sex reassignment surgery) by combined buccal mucosa graft and labia minora flap. Urology 74, 349–353 (2009). Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar Djordjevic, M. L. & Bizic, M. R. Comparison of two different methods for ...
Cracked lips,2mouth sores/fissures,2dryness of the mucosa5and bad breath2 Impact the oral cavity Resulting in the build-up of plaque and 3x the risk of caries.6Lower levels of saliva may result in a lower oral pH5 Affect quality of life ...
Kerss S, Allen A, Garner A (1982) A simple method for measuring thickness of the mucus gel layer adherent to rat, frog and human gastric mucosa: influence of feeding, prostaglandin, N-acetylcysteine and other agents. Clin Sci 63(2):187–195 ...
The lips are composed of 3 major layers: skin, muscle, and oral mucosa. The philtrum is the vertical groove located directly adjacent to and above the upper lip and below the nose. The commissures are the lateral borders of the oral cavity where the upper and lower lips join. The vermili...
Preparations of Quercus (oak) species are used as hemostatic, antidiarrheic, astringent, or antiseptic agents, as well as for the treatment of burns, and inflammation of oral and anal mucosa. This review provides an overview of the polyphenolic constituents isolated and identified from Quercus ...
“core oral microbiome”, whose species are qualitatively and quantitatively housed in three different niches, classified as: Group 1, buccal mucosa, keratinized gingiva, and hard palate; Group 2, saliva, tongue, tonsils, and throat (back wall of oropharynx); and Group 3, sub- and supra-...
The patient may develop dental caries, oral candidiasis, and chronic esophagitis due to hyposalivation [5]. Enlargement of the salivary glands is observed. This is usually due to sialadenitis secondary to lymphocytic infiltration. However, malignancy (i.e., mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT)...