Enhancement of the Operating Time of the Overcurrent Relay of the Distribution Network with High-Level Penetration of Renewable Energy SourcesThe calculation of the output current of distribution generation (DG)
Here an advanced optimization method namely Arithmetic Optimization Algorithm (AOA) is implemented for optimizing the total relay operating time during the occurrence of faults. AOA technique is simple and reliable as there are only few parameters which requires adjustments. The efficacy of AOA is ...
where α and k are stable parameters that illustrate the relay features and are most likely equal to α = 0.14 and k = 0.02 for a normal inverse-type relay. The terms Ipi and TMSi are the pickup current and time multiplier setting of the ith relay, respectively, while Ifi is the fault...
The operation of an overcurrent relay depends on the following setting parameters: the current setting (Is) or pick-up current, which activates the device, and the Time Multiplier Setting (TMS) or time dial, which is a tuning parameter that permits the setting of the time delay before the ...
and I the value of the current flowing through the circuit breaker referred to the setting current. This inverse time non-linear function is represented on a linear scale by the dotted curve A of FIG. 2. A calculation by approximation permits the characterization of the ideal function I2t=k ...
5. The overcurrent tripping apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the protective module (18) carries out the calculation of the harmonic content (THD) as a subroutine of a microprocessor device, and the result is taken into account as a working step in a process for determi...
Therefore, a new program based on numerical computation algorithm is proposed, specifically to facilitate the calculation of Time Dial Setting (TDS) and the selection of the Time-Current Characteristic (TCC) curve for setting the inverse over current relay on the real electrical system. The main ...
When the power to the microprocessor is lost upon tripping of the circuit breaker, the calculation of the thermal state of the load represented by the I2t characteristic maintained by the long delay trip function is also lost. As is known in the art, the voltage representative of the thermal...