Edema: Swelling in the ankles, legs, and eventually in the abdomen due to fluid buildup, as the right side of the heart struggles to work effectively. Cyanosis: A bluish color to the lips and skin, which happens because of low oxygen levels in the blood. ...
Participants were excluded if they reported a history of cardiovascular, renal, neurological, or respiratory disorders; reported taking prescribed medication for these disorders; or reported taking over-the-counter medication that might influence fluid retention. Participants were recruited from the community...