Understanding Outward Direct Investment (ODI) The extent of a nation's outward direct investment can be seen as an indication that its economy is mature. ODI has been shown to increase a country’s investment competitiveness and has proven to be crucial for long-term, sustainable growth. America...
The estimation results provide supporting evidence for the hypothesis that China's energy OFDI enhances its energy security. Specifically, OFDI in a country helps to increase the probability of importing oil from that country, meaning that it helps to diversify oil imports, and it also increases th...
Over the past two decades, there has been a significant growth in the international business (IB) literature on foreign direct investment (FDI), in particular into and from the emerging economies (Borin & Mancini,2016; Danakol et al.,2017; Iamsiraroj,2016; Neumayer et al.,2016; Nielsen e...
On the contrary, exchange rate volatility has adverse effects, meaning Chinese OFDI declines with exchange rate volatility. There is no obvious evidence to support that China has a preference to choose developed or developing countries as its OFDI host countries. 展开 ...
Sovereign wealth funds State capitalism Outward foreign direct investment Cross-border mergers and acquisitions Global financial crisis Institutions-based view JEL classification F21 F23 G34 M16 1. Introduction Political economy is the science of the production, distribution, and exchange of wealth; or, ...
The significant findings reveal that FDI (Foreign Direct Investment), both inward and outward, is an efficient factor in mitigating carbon emissions in the short term in Vietnam. The enhancements in the inward and outward flows of FDI in Vietnam will likely lead to a reduction in carbon ...
changes in the power structure before the Sino-Japanese War of 1894—1895;and the complex and tortuous paths that led to new institutions and changes in the power structure are the most important phenomenon of this historical period,as well as the locus of the real meaning of late Qing ...
outward foreign direct investment; carbon emission; urbanization threshold; sustainable development; carbon neutrality1. Introduction The IPCC Fifth Assessment Report has noted that global temperature has increased by 0.85 °C over the past 130 years and that human activity is the main cause of global...
In this way, the adjacency matrix A = (aij) of financial risk factors for OFDI can be established, the meaning of aij is as follows: 𝑎𝑖𝑗={1, Node i is connected to node j0, Node i is not connected to node j}aij=1, Node i is connected to node j0, Node i is not ...