of the basic observational studiesLimitations of observational studiesFuture direction of ophthalmic epidemiology: concluding notesReferences Introduction Basic measures of occurrence in epidemiological researchPrevalenceIncidence Prevalence Incidence Measures of effectDifference (absolute) measureRelative measures ...
zika, chikungunya, and dengue have had serious impacts on public health. Concerns have been raised due to the rapid dissemination of the chikungunya virus across the country since its first detection in 2014 in Northeast Brazil. In this work, we carried out on-site training activities in genomic...
As a result when a treatment is assesed for its effect on these disoreders in a clinical trial setting, the effect is typically examined via multiple endpoints that describe the change in the multiple measures. Generally endpoints are classified in two categories, primary endpoints which define ...
•Cohort~agroupofindividualssharingacommonexperiencewithinadefinedperiod(suchasage,socioeconomicstatus)(oneof10divisionsofanancientRomanarmycomposing300to600soldiers).•e.g.inepidemiology：birthcohort,marriagecohort,occupationalcohort.•Legion~theprincipalunitoftheRomanarmycomposing3000to6000footsoldierswith...
converting to dichotomous measures and presenting relative and absolute effects, presenting the ratio of the means of intervention and control groups, and pres... GH Guyatt,K Thorlund,AD Oxman,... - 《Journal of Clinical Epidemiology》 被引量: 205发表: 2013年 The Self-Organising Seismic Early...
Control is by sanitary measures restricting the spread of infect... SA Yasin,MM Huq - 《Bulletin De Loffice International Des Epizootics》 被引量: 19发表: 1960年 Economic aspects of foot and mouth disease: perspectives of a free country, Australia Australia is a significant livestock producer ...
These data indicate that COVID-19 is highly contagious and global measures have been applied in order to limit the spread of the virus [6]. At the beginning, the WHO’s general recommendations to the general public was to wear a mask in public places and apply hygiene practices as the ...
,astronomy意为“天文学”,因此astronomical即“天文学的,天文学上的”,口语中意为“(数字等)庞大的”,也作astronomic,如:The costs of land for building are astronomical.(买地建房的花费很庞大。) atmosphere中的ATMO-源自希腊语,表示“气,蒸气”,如atmometer即指(测定水的蒸发速度的)蒸发计,汽化计;SPHER也...
in the context of NPM governance reforms. Some competitions are based on new measures to compare contestants. For example, quantitative measures of reputation and performance are increasingly used, which may trigger adaptive behaviour and discriminate against certain types of research. At the same time...
Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), the cause of COVID-19, a fatal disease emerged from Wuhan, a large city in the Chinese province of Hubei in December 2019. The World Health Organization declared COVID-19 as a pandemic due to its spread to other countries inside