If the activity (approximately concentration) of solutes in the fluid surrounding a cell is higher than in the cell fluid, then the cell will lose water by osmosis. When this occurs, the surrounding fluid is said to be hypertonic. For the reverse process when fluid flows into the cell, ...
Oh, mama. Yo! You stay and practice. Boy, you need it. lf l'm not back in five, you come looking, okay? Barkeep, what you got? -You got a problem with that? -No. lt's just the way l like it: Extra disgusting. Three teams will move through the cranial artery... ...and ...
where 𝑎𝑤 and 𝑉𝑤 indicate the chemical activity of water and partial molar volume of water. Assuming 𝑉𝑤 is independent of the pressure, Equation (4) becomes Δ𝜇𝑤=−𝑉𝑤 Δ𝜋+𝑉𝑤 Δ𝑃=𝑉𝑤 (Δ𝑃−Δ𝜋). (5) A conversion of 𝑅𝑇lnΔ𝑎...
In practice, the membrane sheet or filament must be mounted in a fixed frame to provide support for the membrane. Typically, the membranes and the corresponding equipment are collectively referred to as membrane modules. Membrane modules, in addition to the practical convenience of use, can also ...