Ethernet, Wi-Fi, and Bluetooth are all examples of protocols that cover the data link layer. The MAC address of your computer’s network interfaces is associated with the data link layer. Layer 3: Network Layer The network layer provides functionality for transmitting packets between networks. Th...
Layer 1: Physical Layer The Physical Layer serves as the foundation of the OSI Model, focusing on the actual transmission of data in its raw bit form over a physical medium. Its essential functions encompass: Encoding and Signaling: Encoding bits into electrical or optical signals suitable for...
The Transport Layer delivers data across network connections.TCP(Transmission Control Protocol) andUDP(User Datagram Protocol) are the most common examples of Transport Layer 4network protocols.Different transport protocols may support a range of optional capabilities, including error recovery, flow control...
Data Link Layer2.6.1WAN Protocol architecture2.6.2IEEE 802 LAN architectureo2.7Layer 1: Physical Layer3Interfaces4Examples5References6External linksOSIis a model.ISOIS anorganization.OSI modelTheOpen Systems Interconnection Reference Model(OSI ReferenceModelorOSI Model) is an descr...
examples of data link protocols are HDLC and ADCCP for point-to-point or packet-switched networks and Aloha for local area networks. On IEEE 802 local area networks, and some non-IEEE 802 networks such as FDDI, this layer may be split into a Media Access Control (MAC) layer and the ...
Examples of protocols operating at the Application Layer includeHypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)for web browsing, File Transfer Protocol (FTP) for file transfers, Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) for email services, and Domain Name System (DNS) for resolving domain names to IP addresses. Thes...
7. Application Layer The application layer is used by end-user software such as web browsers and email clients. It provides protocols that allow software to send and receive information and present meaningful data to users. A few examples of application layer protocols are theHypertext Transfer Pro...
Layer 4 Transport examples include SPX, TCP, UDP. OSI Layer 3: Network Layer 3, the Network Layer, manages theroutingof the data. When data arrives here, each frame of data is screened to confirm whether it reached its intended target. ...
One popular mnemonic, starting with Layer 7, is “All People Seem To Need Data Processing.” But one that I’m partial to, which starts with Layer 1, is “Please Do Not Throw Sausage Pizza Away.” The TCP/IP model is a more concise framework, with only 4 layers: Network Access (or...
The transport layer is a protocol, and the best examples of transport layer protocols are TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) and UDP (User Datagram Protocol). Where is the transport layer located? The transport layer is the fourth layer in the OSI system. Therefore, it's located between the...