The fact that the women in the Gast, de Roos et al. 2009 study were postmenopausal renders this subject population of particular relevance for understanding the protective impact of K2 on not only CHD, but osteoporosis since, during the menopausal transition, bone loss accelerates to a ra...
Importantly, the postprandial decrease in bone resorption was largest in the morning, suggesting that longer fasting periods are needed for obtaining the full effect on bone resorption post prandially. The absolute levels of bone resorption were different at the different time of day, in accordance ...
The cardiovascular profile of bone forming agents is of particular importance for increasing the compliance for these medications and since the prevalence of cardiovascular conditions significantly increases in post-menopausal women in which these medications are largely used. It has been known for more ...
These differences were explained on the basis of an age-related decrease in thyroid hormone clearance, a decrease in lean body mass, or hormonal differences between pre- and post-menopausal women. Other factors may be age-related comorbidities, polypharmacy commonly encountered in the elderly, and ...
Worldwide, vitamin D deficiency is a serious concern for all ages. Poor nutritional status of vitamin D in young women is a risk factor for post-menopausal fractures and osteoporosis [34]. Based on KNHANES, the serum 25(OH)D levels was found to be the lowest in women aged 19 to 29 ye...
Unrecognized severe hyperthyroidism influences bone mass and raises the likelihood of high bone turnover, contributing to the development of OP, particularly in post-menopausal women. Subclinical hyperthyroidism is defined as low thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and free hormones within the reference ...
Additionally, different hormone levels were not measured to observe the impact and interaction of immunotherapy and body environment. Moreover, future studies should compare more patients with a PD-L1 status ≤50%; this category of patients receive chemotherapy along with immunotherapy. 6. Conclusions...