$$\begin{array}{r}p({\boldsymbol{\phi }}|{\mathbf{x}}_{1:t},y_{1:t}) \propto p(y_{1:t}|{\boldsymbol{\phi }},{\mathbf{x}}_{1:t})p({\boldsymbol{\phi }})\\ = \mathop {\prod}\limits_{i = 1}^t p (y_i|{\boldsymbol{\phi }},{\mathbf{x}}_i)p({\bold...
Such studies have typically focused on the performance limits imposed by internal noise. In contrast, the aim of our study was to examine the performance limits imposed by variation and uncertainty in natural stimuli. Data analysis. To compare performance, human and ideal observers were presented ...
It is designed to show how to use the TORQUE_ACTIVATIONS_DRIVEN, which limits the torque to [-1; 1]. This is useful when the maximal torques are not constant. Please note that such a dynamics may not converge when it is used on a more complicated model. A solution that defines non-...
Our findings suggest that task design can play a role in inferences about optimality, and that previous conclusions regarding human sub-optimality are conditional on the task settings. This limits claims about human optimality that can be supported by the available evidence. Similar content being ...
On the other hand, the limits of AI are real and they will not be able to compensate for human tasks such as emotional intelligence, understanding a context, or managing algorithm bias. AI also presents limits around data performance (risk of error, lack of interpretation of models) and secu...
Within reasonable limits, a reduced rating only has consequences for new borrowing and many oil companies have a high equity ratio and good self-financing. On the other hand, their credit rating is also important in other contexts. Following the accident in the Gulf of Mexico, regulators and ...
We address this requirement by setting limits on the interaction forces between the user and the exoskeleton. These thresholds are based on [40], in which several subjects were exposed to constant and repetitive pressure, and in both cases rated at what level it was uncomfortable for them and ...
THE LIMITS OF CONSCIOUSNESS If it were possible to expand indefinitely what consciousness is able to encompass, one of the most fundamental dreams of humankind would come true. It would be almost as good as being immortal or omnipotent—in short, godlike. We could think everything, feel every...
$$\mathop{{\rm{\min }}}\limits_{\begin{array}{c}{u}_{i}(t),\\ i\in {{\mathscr{T}}}_{k}\end{array}}\,J\{{u}_{i}\}:\,=\sum _{i\in {{\mathscr{T}}}_{k}}\,{\int }_{0}^{{t}_{f}}\,{u}_{i}(t)\,{\rm{d}}t$$ (5) where \({u}_{i}(t)\ge...
$${\rm {Max}}\mathop {\int}\nolimits_0^\infty {u\left( {c_t} \right){\rm {e}}^{ - \rho t}{\rm {d}}t}$$ Here, ρ > 0 represents the subjective discount rate. We assume the following conditions for the utility function u(ct). ...