We tested the role of lateral visual cues for forward flight control in the hummingbird hawkmoth Macroglossum stellatarum (Sphingidae, Lepidoptera), which possesses superposition compound eyes, and has the ability to hover in addition to its capacity for fast forward flight. Our results show that...
translational optic flow is proportional to flight speedVand inversely proportional to the distance to an object in the scene2,55:\({\rm{TOF}}({\rm{\Phi }})=\frac{V}{{D}_{{\rm{\Phi }}}\,\sin ({\rm{\Phi }})\). For the planar surface shown in Fig...