This calculator will tell you the one-tailed (right-tail) area under the standard normal curve, given a Z-score (i.e., the one-tailed probability from the z-score to positive infinity). Please enter the necessary parameter values, and then click 'Calculate'. ...
The one sample t-test calculator ignores empty cells and non numeric cells. ExamplesTwo-tailed one-sample t test example:A farmer calculated last year the average of the apples' weight in his apple orchard μ0 equals 90 grams, based on the entire population.The current year he checked a ...
“A two-tailed test is appropriate if the estimated valuemaybe more than or less than the reference value, for example, whether a test takermayscore above or below the historical average. A one-tailed test is appropriate if the estimated valuemay depart from the reference value in only one ...
The process of calculation of the p-value will depend on the type of tails defined. For a two-tailed test, the p-value is computed as \(p = \Pr(|t_{df}| > |t_{obs}|)\). Then, for a left-tailed test, the p-value is computed as \(p = \Pr(t_{df} < t_{obs})\),...
This was analyzed using two-tailed t-tests for independent samples for the continuous variables, two-tailed Mann–Whitney U-tests for the ordinal variables, and chi-square tests for the categorical variables. The prediction analyses included a preliminary exploration of the relationships between the ...
A two-tailed p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results The patient selection process is shown in Fig. 1. The final cohort included a total of 1678 patients. Of them, the derivation cohort consisted of 1,174 patients dated before 15th July, and the validation cohort...
Data were stratified by gender and academic year. Descriptive statistics showed the characteristics of participants using means, standard deviations (±SD), and percentages. The normal distributions of variables were verified through histograms and by the Kolmogorov–Smirnoff test. Two-tailed independent ...