Thus, it is essential to quantify PI according to its ultimate definition, that is, to measure any investment by a parent that enhances offspring fitness at the expense of the parent's expectation for additional offspring (Fig. 1)1,2,4,15. Second, the conflict is among genes, not traits...
As in our prior work,23 we allowed diagnoses that are not typically assigned in the first 18 months of life, to allow for a consistent definition that could be preserved across age groups in future investigations. Exposure Definition Maternal SARS-CoV-2 positivity was defined by the presence ...
BMC Biology(2023) Associated content Preconception cold–induced epigenetic inheritance Michael K. Skinner Nature MedicineNews & Views07 Sept 2018 Nature Medicine (Nat Med)ISSN1546-170X(online)ISSN1078-8956(print) Sign up for theNature Briefingnewsletter — what matters in science, free to your inb...
Over the last decade, there has been a significant increase in average paternal age when the first child is conceived, either due to increased life expectancy, widespread use of contraception, late marriages and other factors. While the effect of maternal ageing on fertilization and reproduction is...
Berger SL, Kouzarides T, Shiekhattar R, Shilatifard A (2009) An operational definition of epigenetics. Genes Dev 23:781–783PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Bernardino T, Roux C, Almeida A et al (1997) DNA hypomethylation in breast cancer: an independent parameter of tumor progression? Cancer Ge...
“Materials and methods” for each detailed definition).Gray barsindicate the probability to choose the correct sand well in the session which was different from the previously rewarded one.White barsindicate the probability to choose other sand wells as the first choice.Dotted lineindicates a ...
As in our prior work,23 we allowed diagnoses that are not typically assigned in the first 18 months of life, to allow for a consistent definition that could be preserved across age groups in future investigations. Exposure Definition Maternal SARS-CoV-2 positivity was defined by the presence ...
Expert consensus document: The International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics (ISAPP) consensus statement on the definition and scope of prebiotics. Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 2017, 14, 491–502. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version] Bueno-Vargas, P.; ...
The above definition has been adopted by the latest ISUOG guidelines for FGR diagnosis and management [11]. Low birthweight predisposes to ischemic heart disease [12,13,14], stroke [12,14], and atrial fibrillation [15,16]. Males’ offspring cardiovascular systems seem to be more vulnerable ...
This definition was established by clinical experts and has been applied by multiple published papers [52,53]. The ICD-9 and ICD-10 codes for the diagnoses of these developmental disorders are listed in Table S1. 2.3. Statistical Analysis The characteristics of the study sample between the “...