Water mixing caused by ocean pipes would also bring sea ice into contact with warmer waters, resulting in melting. What's more, this would further decrease the reflection of the Sun's radiation, which bounces off ice as well as clouds. After 60 years, the pipes would cause an increase in...
The influence of turbulent ocean mixing transcends its inherently small scales to affect large scale ocean processes including water-mass transformation, stratification maintenance, and the overturning circulation. However, the distribution of ocean mixing is not well described by sparse ship-based observati...
It is therefore not necessary for the bottom water to be mixed through the whole depth of the water column, only up to the level of the deep waters. Using this new view of the thermohaline circulation, we need only consider the verti- cal mixing of the main deep-water mass, North ...
The global OHC change of the upper 2000 m is next decomposed into the tropical water layer, the mode water layer, and the intermediate water layer to study the distribution of ocean warming by global water-mass layers (Fig.4). The most remarkable OHC change over the Argo era is the incre...
upper ocean mixing processes determine whether water warmed at the surface on a sunny afternoon remains available to warm the atmosphere that evening, or mixes deeper into the ocean not to emerge for many years. Quantification of the rates at which these happen is critical to our predictions of...
However, the poleward‐shifted ocean gyre preferentially decreases the SIO winter MLD as the meridional MLD gradient is sharp and thus efficiently reduces the deep ML water converging from the Southern Ocean into the SIO. In contrast, the SIO MLD displays negligible change in summer when its ...
In the shallow water condition, the infinite water depth approximation overestimates the mixing strength in the lower layers. The nonzero horizontal wave-induced mixing presents anisotropic prop-erty near the shore. The Prandtl's mixing length theory underestimated the wave-induced mixing in the ...
Water temperature and salinity fluctuations act to modify the rheology and material properties of the ice while also driving ocean circulation at multiple scales. In turn, the ice insulates the ocean beneath it from the effects of wind, sun, and precipitation. The ice–ocean boundary is the ...
S10). We applied the required correction to diffusivity following the scheme proposed in the previous study35,100 which showed that self-diffusion of water from MD simulation increased as a linear function of N−1/3, where N represents the number of atoms in the simulation cell (Supplementary...
2 and 5). Due to the shallow water depth, the cycle of production and remineralisation of organic matter is not dependent on upwelling, as a large fraction of the nutrients is remineralised within the mixed layer. Therefore, we suggest that the large fraction of shallow waters with the ...