Letkbe the number of weakly connected components in the subgraph ofDinduced byR. Sorge et al. [30] asked whether the DRPP is fixed-parameter tractable (FPT) when parameterized byk, i.e., whether there is an algorithm of running timeO(f(k))wherefis a function ofkonly and theOnotation ...
Firstly, (−→β 0 + 1), is the number of weakly connected components. This coincides with the number of con- nected components of the flat symmetrisation of the digraph (see Definition 2.10). If G ∼ −→G (n, p) is an Erdo˝s–Rényi random directed graph then its symmet...
We show that a simulated neuron network with neurons weakly connected does produce CAS patterns, and additionally produces an output that optimally model experimental electroencephalograph (EEG) signals. This work provides strong evidence that the brain operates locally in a CAS regime, allowing it ...
LetA(p,n,k) be the number ofp-tuples of commuting permutations ofnelements whose permutation action results in exactlykorbits or connected components. We formulate the conjecture that, for every fixedpandn, theA(p,n,k) form a log-concave sequence with respect tok. Forp=1\\documentclass[12pt...
The simplest continuous symmetry is the U(1) phase symmetry ϕˆ↦ϕˆeiα of a complex field. In a weakly interacting Bose gas, below the Bose–Einstein condensation temperature, or in superfluid helium-4, a macroscopic fraction of the atoms occupies a single quantum state, and ϕ...
5 CsupCXEs (CsupCXE11, 14, 17, 18 and 20) were expressed weakly in OV-PG (Fig. 6A). Fatty acid synthase (FAS), Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) and Acyl-CoA oxidase (ACO). FAS has been reported to catalyze the conversion of malonyl-CoA and NADPH to saturated fatty acids15. 1 ...
It was previously shown that in buffer containing 0.5 M NaCl the main part of nonspecific proteins relatively weakly bound with specific stable complexes can be dissociated and stable complexes with high molecular masses may be separated from other different proteins by FPLC gel filtration [36], [...
The idea here is that for any one-place recursive function f we can first of all take e to be the Gödel number of a formula φ weakly representing f (as a relation). Then we know that for any a and b, AE ϕ(Sa0,Sb0) iff b=f(a). So any number k...
period-one oscillations, respectively. The nonlinear dynamics change from complex to simple with the further increase of Δfbecause the carrier density oscillates weakly as Δfis much larger than the relaxation oscillation frequency. The simulated output intensities were evaluated using the Grassberger–...
represented by block 56. In this last class, the application supplies the bits to the input device. The application bits are assumed to be only weakly random. One example of an application class of bits is a set of bits produced by monitoring keystroke frequency as the user types in a ...