The DNA comprising the genome of a species is organized and packaged into complex structures called chromosomes. Eukaryotes characteristically possess multiple linear chromosomes. Haploid Number The number of chromosomes in a complete genome is known as the haploid number. Sexual reproduction involves an ...
46, XY, del(19)(q23q25)indicates deletion in chromosome 19 with rejoining of 19q23 and 19q25. Read full chapter View PDF Explore book Style and Usage for Life Science InThe Manual of Scientific Style, 2009 12.2.2Genetics 12.2.2.1Chromosomes and Chromosomal Components ...
Cells that contain an abnormal number of chromosomes are called aneuploid. High rates of aneuploidy in cancer are correlated with an increased frequency of chromosome missegregation, termed chromosomal instability (CIN). Both high levels of aneuploidy and CIN are associated with cancers that are ...
The existence of homologous variation of chromosome number in different phyletic lines of this suborder is substantiated. It is suggested that the origin of homologous series is related to major genome rearrangements (simultaneous fusion of several chromosomes)....
Copy number variation (CNV) can drive rapid evolution in changing environments. In microbial pathogens, such adaptation is a key factor underpinning epidemics and colonization of new niches. However, the genomic determinants of such adaptation remain poo
In most eukaryotes, CENH3 specifies the position of a proteinaceous complex, the kinetochore, where spindle fibers attach pulling the chromosomes towards both daughter cells (Musacchio and Desai 2017). Vast numbers of proteins residing at the centromere and in the kinetochore detect the fidelity of...
The detailed understanding of CNV mutation mechanisms in eukaryotes is mainly based on DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair studies in bacteria, yeast, and other mammalian somatic cells [44–46]. In general, there are two pathways for DSB repair: (1) non-homologous recombination (NHR), also...
During eukaryotic cell division, chromosomes must be distributed correctly into daughter cells. Improper chromosome segregation results in cell death or aneuploidy, which is the cause of such disor- ders as Down's Syndrome, Cornelia de Lange syn- drome, and tumorigenesis (Pati et al., 2002; ...
Objective(s): To determine the copy number and identity of the DAZ genes on the Y chromosomes of infertile patients. Design: Prospective study. Setting: University medical center. Patient(s): One hundred and thirty-nine patients with male factor infertility. Intervention(s): The separate genes ...
Polyploidy (Whole-Genome Duplication, WGD) has played a pervasive role in the evolution of many living organisms1. Many eukaryotes descend from polyploid ancestors that experienced massive duplicate gene loss over millions of years and ultimately reverted to a diploid state1. The long-term survival...