One cell gives rise to two genetically identical daughter cells during the process of mitosis. ... Most tissues of the body grow by increasing their cell number, but this growth is highly regulated to maintain a balance between different tissues. What happens to the number of cells in mitosis?
Diurnal changes in the number of DNA-synthesizing cells and in the number of mitoses were studied in the corneal epithelium and liver of intact and adrenalectomized mice. The curve of diurnal changes in the number of labeled nuclei in the corneal epithelium of the mice after adrenalectomy ...
However, haploid germ cells are more difficult to obtain, and the chromosomes are more difficult to see, than those of other tissues. To get reliable results it is useful and recommended to evaluate both types of cells of an organism whenever possible. In most chromosome studies, karyotypes ...
Loss of heterozygosity Loss of an allelic difference between two chromosomes in a diploid cell. Helicase An enzyme that separates the two nucleic acid strands of a double helix, resulting in the formation of regions of ssDNA or ssRNA. Topoisomerase An enzyme that can remove (or create) supercoi...
Gametes or sex cells are haploid cells. The somatic cells in humans contain two sets of genes. It produces haploid gametes by the process of gametogenesis, wherein meiosis causes the chromosomal set to be reduced by half. This is vital as at the time of fusion of gametes, the resulting zy...
Down syndrome is a genetic chromosomal disorder caused due to the abnormal cell division which results in a change in numbers of chromosomes present in cells. Down syndrome slows down intellectual and physical development, causes learning disabilities in individuals....
Alterations in chromosome copy number induce a wide variety of cellular stresses, including genome instability. Here, we show that cancer cells might exploit aneuploidy-induced genome instability and the resulting gene copy-number changes to survive under conditions of selective pressure, such as ...
Structural rearrangements of the genome resulting in genic imbalance due to copy number change are often deleterious at the organismal level, but are common in immortalized cell lines and tumors, where they may be an advantage to cells. In order to explore the biological consequences of copy numbe...
The number of tRNA isodecoders has increased dramatically in mammals, but the specific molecular and physiological reasons for this expansion remain elusive. To address this fundamental question we used CRISPR editing to knockout the seven-membered pheny
Recent advances in single-cell technology have enabled the collection of copy-number profiles of thousands of cells. While large single-cell experiments constitute a major opportunity to study tumor evolution with higher precision and on a larger scale, they also bring unique challenges. The lower ...