That is, when compared to the set of never-expressed 5-mers, the pentapeptides frequently represented in the universal proteome are endowed with a higher number of multi-codonic amino acids. In contrast, the bulkiness degree and the hydrophobicity level play a smaller role. Unexpectedly, the ...
They are located on chromosomes and contain the information that is needed to make certain proteins that in turn produce specific ribonucleic acids (RNA). Each living cell is the carrier of a complete set of genes, which are located in a linear order on chromosomes and are species specific. ...
The number of male gametes is critical for reproductive success and varies between and within species. The evolutionary reduction of the number of pollen grains encompassing the male gametes is widespread in selfing plants. Here, we employ genome-wide as
The second intron of the gene contains two sets of splice sites (SS): a U12-type with an AT-AC ter- mini and nested within a U2-type intron with a GT-AG termini resulting in a twenty-nine amino acids longer protein [6]. The U12-type intron of the prospero gene is an ancestral...
Cancer driver genes can undergo positive selection for various types of genetic alterations, including gain-of-function or loss-of-function mutations and copy number alterations (CNA). We investigated the landscape of different types of alterations affec
Without peptide bonds joining together chains of amino acids to create large organic compounds called proteins, it would be impossible for humans to function. Explore the structure of proteins and how they function as enzymes to trigger molecular reactions...
The crt76K and crt76T assays were removed because they were designed to hybridize with polymorphic DNA sequences for amino acids 72–76 of the Plasmodium falciparum chloroquine resistance transporter gene (pfcrt) [13]. In contrast, the r364(a) assay was removed because of false-positive ...
This latter process of converting from the "nucleotide alphabet" to the "protein alphabet" requires that specific segments on mRNA correspond to specific amino acids in the protein being manufactured. This connection is provided by the genetic code. The translation process that occurs at the site...
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a major staple food for more than one-third of the world’s population. Tiller number is an important agronomic trait in wheat, but only few related genes have been cloned. Here, we isolate a wheat mutant, tiller number1 (tn1), with much fewer tillers....
Down syndrome (DS) is the most common form of autosomal aneuploidy in humans, and is characterized by physical growth delays, skeletal abnormalities, neurological deficits and cognitive impairments1. Although the genetic cause of DS is full or partial triplication of chromosome 21 (HSA21)2,3, tri...