A novel method for measuring the number density of water molecules in low-temperature plasma is developed. The absolute intensities of rotational lines of the (0,0) band of the OH( A 2 Σ– X 2 П) transition are used. Lines with sufficiently large rotational quantum numbers referring to ...
Temporally and spatially resolved measurements of the number density of water droplets in an intermittent aerosol were experimentally demonstrated by a laser-induced breakdown technique. The temporal number density distribution is clearly explained by temporal variations in the air pressure at the nozzle ca...
—, —, C. McClain, et al., 2007c: Global statistics of liquid water content and effective number density of water clouds over ocean derived from combined CALIPSO and MODIS measurements. Atmos. Chem. Phys. , 7 , 3353–3359.Y. Hu, M. Vaughan, C. McClain, M. Behrenfeld, H. Maring,...
Compute the product of the density of water, the velocity of the flow, and L: ρ× u × L = 249.925 (m · s)/kg Divide the result by the dynamic viscosity to find the Reynolds number: ReD = 249.925/0.001308 = 191,074 The flow is likely turbulent.Flow...
In order to calculate the bubble number density, the bubble number transport equation with a distributed source from the wall nucleation sites is used. The model predictions in terms of the void fraction are compared with Moby Dick and BNL experimental data. This result indicates that, at least...
Increasing the number of environmental stressors could decrease ecosystem functioning in soils. Yet this relationship has not been globally assessed outside laboratory experiments. Here, using two independent global standardized field surveys, and a range of natural and human factors, we test the relati...
where δ = dimensionless excess of tractive force = (Y/Ycr –1), Y = lift force (unitless) = V∗2/[(Sg –1.0) g d], Ycr = critical lift force (unitless), V∗ = shear velocity (m/s) = (g R Sf)0.5, ρw = mass density of water (g/m3), g = acceleration of gravity...
where CN(r) is the coordination number at a distance r from the solute molecule, ρ is the number density of the solvent molecules, and gab(r) is the radial distribution function. The integral is taken from 0 to r, which represents the volume of the sphere of radius r centered on the...
Principle and Application of 4D Microgravity Survey for Engineering Purpose, Case Example: Groundwater Level Lowering and Subsidence in Residential Area of Jakarta Bouguer gravity anomaly derived from observed gravity in the surface reflects all of possibilities of subsurface density change relating to thei...
The hydrodynamics of two droplets submerged in an unbounded arbitrary velocity field is studied by solving Stokes' equations for the flow fields in and around the droplets by means of the reflection method. Solutions are obtained for the drag forces and the terminal settling velocities of two dropl...