A value greater than one means that NO reduction is favored, while a value of less than one means NH3 oxidation is the preferred reaction pathway. Clearly the selectivity for NO reduction drops both with temperature and increasing NH3:NO ratio. Increasing NH3:NO ratio Figure 3: Selectivity ...
Kaczur, J.J., Oxidation chemistry of chloric acid in NOx/SOx and air toxic metal removal from gas streams. Environmental Progress, 1996. 15(4): p. 245-254.Jerry J Kaczur.Oxidation Chemistry of Chloric Acid in NOx/SOx and Air Toxic Metal Removal from Gas Steams. Environmental Progress ....
A low CA/GA ratio means that a lower amount of secondary air is fed, which favors incomplete oxidation of the producer gas and, thus, increases CO emissions. Meanwhile, a greater amount of combustion air supplied (CA/GA = 3.2) may lead to reduce the temperature in the combustion ...
As low levels of ROS provide a means for stem cell differentiation, this study highlights a possible approach to inducing the production of ROS in MSCs to initiate the differentiation process [106]. The presence of complex IV has been characterized; however, little is known about its role in ...
, 2007]. The linkage of satellite measurements of NO2 columns to NOx emissions are based on the assumptions of constant [NO2]/[NO] ratio, constant [NOx]/NOx emissions ratio, and constant NOx lifetime, where “constant” means in a given grid cell for a given month over the entire ...
The central role of neutrophils as early responders of the innate immune system means infectious pathogens, sterile proteins and autoimmune factors alike have been described to stimulate NETs. Early work on NETs even impli- cated the reactive oxygen species hydro- gen peroxide (H2O2) as a ...
(E) TNF-αlevels in culture supernatants (ELISA), 12 hours after LPS. The results are expressed as the means ± SEM (n = 6/group, samples incubated with LPS; n = 3/group, samples without LPS). Black continuous and dashed lines respectively indicate the ...
While upstream NOx sensor 230 is illustrated as an exemplary means to quantify NOx entering the aftertreatment system 200, it should be noted that NOx entering the system can be quantified for use in evaluating conversion efficiency in an SCR device (i.e., second aftertreatment device 220) by ...
This usually means a more complicated gas mixture, rapid warm up and fluctuations in space velocity, temperature and gas concentrations. Analogous to most after-treatment catalysts, PNAs can be subject to severe thermal aging and poisoning. When evaluating catalyst performance, this degradation can be...