博弈论中对所谓game有不同的描述形式:Normal form game用来表示一些Payoffs可以看做是Actions的函数的game,在这种game中Players往往同时采取行动(或可以看做是同时),而Extensive form game中引入了时间的概念,Players按次序采取行动,如扑克,象棋等。 这次我们先关注Normal form game,形式化定义一个可终止(Finite)的n主...
In a matrix form representation of a two-player normal form game, all possible action vectors are arrayed in a matrix such that player 1's actions (the first component of the action vector) are given by the rows of the matrix, and player 2's actions (the second component of the action...
(See the normal-form prisoners’ dilemma written as an extensive form game in Figure 8.17.) For greater ease of analyzing agent-specific strategy profiles, finding equilibria, and investigating other aspects of the interdependent structure of simple 2-person normal-form games, the matrix notation ...
In a series of experiments, a three-person matrix game has been played under conditions allowing cooperation by bargaining and coalition formation. Agreements are not binding, leading to situations with both cooperative and non-cooperative aspects. Modelizing cooperative solution concepts despite the ...
Unlikeextensiveform,normal-formrepresentationsarenotgraphicalper se,but ratherrepresentthegamebyway of amatrix. 与延展形式不同,正则形式不用图形来描述博弈,而是用矩阵来陈述博弈。 instapedia.com 10. This paper probesintoinvariantandnormalformofmatrixanditsapplicationtomatrixtheory. ...
The meaning of NORMAL is conforming to a type, standard, or regular pattern : characterized by that which is considered usual, typical, or routine. How to use normal in a sentence. Synonym Discussion of Normal.
normal form (redirected fromNormal forms) [′nȯr·məl ′fȯrm] (computer science) The form of a floating-point number whose mantissa lies between 0.1 and 1.0. McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific & Technical Terms, 6E, Copyright © 2003 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. ...
The meaning of PRENEX NORMAL FORM is a normal form of an expression in the functional calculus in which all the quantifiers are grouped without negations or other connectives before the matrix so that the scope of each quantifier extends to the end of th
Bimatrix form The game given by scheme (2)–(4) can be expressed in terms of bimatrix form. Each entry of the bimatrix is a pair \(\left( \mathrm{tr}(\rho _{\mathrm{f}}M_{1}), \mathrm{tr}(\rho _{\mathrm{f}}M_{2})\right) \) of payoffs that corresponds to a particu...
In this paper, we focus on the fundamental case of single-leader multi-follower games with a finite number of actions per player where the overall game can be represented as a normal-form or polymatrix game—the latter is of interest as it plays an important role in a number of applicatio...