If the axis is more negative than –30° it is referred to as left axis deviation. The axis is calculated (to the nearest degree) by the ECG machine. The axis can also be approximated manually by judging the net direction of the QRS complex in leads I and II. The following rules ...
THE ECG IN PERSPECTIVE Up to this point, this chapter has considered only the basic components of the ECG. Several general items need to be emphasized before actual ECG patterns are discussed. 1. The ECG is a recording of cardiac electrical activity. It does not directly measure the mechanical...
The electrical axis (EA) of the heart is a vector originating in the center of Einthoven's equilateral triangle and refers to the direction of the cardiac activation process as projected in the limb leads (1, 11, 111, AVR, AVL, AVF). The term "electrical axis" generally refers to the ...
ECG: Electrocardiograms ERS: Early repolarization syndrome FFR: Fractional flow reserve FN: False negative FP: False positive FPR: False positive rate Grad-CAM: Gradient-weighted class activation mapping IVB: Intraventricular block JE: Junctional escape LAD: Left axis deviation LAFB: Le...
cardiac functionchamber enlargementheart ratelife‐threatening body systemsmean electrical axisnormal echocardiogramtriage physical examSummary This chapter serves as a brief overview of how to perform an ECG, what it measures, and what a normal ECG looks like. It provides a baseline of understanding ...
The fungal cardiac mass was eradicated, and vertical transmission to the fetus was prevented thanks to the combined efficacy of antifungal medications and a multidisciplinary, non-invasive treatment plan. Return a JSON list of sentences, each rewritten with a different structure than the example ...
Cardiac output CMR: Cardiovascular magnetic resonance CMRA: Cardiovascular magnetic resonance angiography CNN: Convolutional neural network DENSE: Displacement encoding with stimulated echoes DCM: Dilated cardiomyopathy DICE: Dice overlap metric ECG: Electrocardiogram ECV: Extracellular volume EDV: ...
Scarred tissue: real-life challenge of cardiac ablation In a series of chronically infarcted porcine hearts exhibiting dense fibrous remodeling (scarring) of the LV, we targeted the PFA (1500 V 8 trains) at either healthy myocardium, border zone, or dense scar via an endocardial approach. The...
In other models of cardiac damage, HGF also inhibits fibrosis and additionally stimulates angiogenesis [16]. Together, these findings indicate that HGF/Met axis exerts a cardio-protective role under pathological conditions. In vitro studies have shown that HGF induces the expression of cardiac markers...
A Lucky Accident: Brugada Syndrome Associated with Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest A repeat ECG on post-op day number one showed normal sinus rhythm with rate of about 75 beats per minute and no ischemic changes [Figure 3]. Syncope and Influenza B: A Case of an Arresting Association Conclusio...