It is shown how the effective dimension of the general non-proportional hazards model can be controlled by either reduced rank regression methods of P-splines methodology.doi:10.1007/978-3-642-57678-2_14Hans C. van HouwelingenPaul H. C. Eilers...
The Cox proportional hazards (PH) model is the popular methodfor modelling censored survival data.Cox PH model is the proportionality of hazards in which the hazard ratiois linear in the covariates. However this assumption may not hold in somesurvival studies. Therefore, digerent non-parametric ...
Although statistical methods exist for the calculation of sample size and for the analysis of standard endpoint trials with nonproportional hazards, the impact of nonproportional hazards on the properties of sequential clinical trials has not been well studied. In this article we use simulation to ...
The first two models are extensions of the proportional hazards model to handle time-dependent covariates and to perform stratified analysis. Other models introduced in this chapter are for multiple causes of failure, recurrent events, and related observations. The chapter concludes with a problem ...
nonproportional hazardsThe Cox model was originally built upon the proportional hazards (PH) assumption that is often violated in reality. When the PH assumption for a covariate is not satisfied, the Cox model estimates the overall effect of the covariate within the follow-up period, but the ...
can be relaxed using re-randomisation tests. Although several RCTs using minimisation have suggested the presence of non-proportional hazards (non-PH) effects, the application of re-randomisation tests has been limited to the log-rank test and Cox PH models, which may result in diminished statist...
When survival curves cross over or separate only after a considerable time, the proportional hazards assumption of the Cox model is violated, and HR can be misleading. We present two measures of treatment effects for situations where the HR changes over time: the life expectancy difference (LED)...
An alternative approach, which does not require proportional hazards, is to use a first hitting time model which treats a subject's health status as a latent stochastic process that fails when it reaches a threshold value. Although more flexible than Cox regression, existing methods do not ...
The goal of gsdmvn is to enable group sequential trial design for time-to-event endpoints under non-proportional hazards assumptions. The package is still maturing; as the package functions become more stable, they will likely be included in the gsDesign2 package....
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