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Cohort A was defined as patients who had a TKA; had a dependence on nicotine; did not have nicotine dependence to cigarettes, chewing tobacco, other tobacco products; and were between the ages of 35 and 90 years. Cohort B was defined as patients who had a TKA but did not have a ...
Use of smokeless tobacco is a risk factor for cigarette smoking. This study assessed the risk of smoking over 2 years in adolescent boys (in grades 7 and 9) who had used smokeless (ST). We used logistic regression to det... HH Severson,KK Forrester,B Anthony - 《Nicotine & Tobacco Res...
The objective of this project was the analysis of different tobacco specific biomarkers, including particularly TSNAs, in hair samples from non-smokers in an attempt to find the best candidate. Considering the behaviour of nicotine and cotinine, the hypothesis was that NNK might be the most ...
Presents an abstract of the article `Transdermal nicotine for mildly to moderately active ulcerative colitis: A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial,' by W.J. Sandborn, W.J. Tremaine et al, published in the March 1, 1997 issue of `Annals of Internal Medicine.' Easing of the...
After chronic use, they become dependent on it due to arecoline [14], nicotine [15] and also tobacco components. There may be several functional, behavioral, ethnic and communal motives behind substance abuse and limited work has been done in its pursuance. A study on cab drivers was ...
We used generalized estimating equations derived from a multivariable marginal model to compare levels of tobacco constituents between groups, after adjusting for a history of parental smoking, income, home construction date, and mother's age and race/ethnicity. The ratio of myosmine/nicotine was ...
Tobacco use is generally considered to be cigarettes, cigarillos, cigars, pipes, chewing tobacco, nicorette gum, snuff, marijuana and nicotine patches. In addition to these, if anyone tests positive to cotinine, a by-product of nicotine, they are also considered a smoker. There are some insuran...
"Behind the prohibition is that e- cigarettes contain nicotine, which is an addictive substance and will make teenagers smoke cigarettes further [11]. But in China, e-cigarettes are not strictly controlled. Article 34 of the Regulations on the Control of Smoking in Public Places in Hangzhou: ...
5497792Process and apparatus for the semicontinuous extraction of nicotine from tobacco1996-03-12Prasad et al.131/297 5488962Chewing gum which is a substitute for tobacco smoke1996-02-06Perfetti131/270 5018540Process for removal of basic materials1991-05-28Grubbs et al.131/297 ...