In this paper, the nitration of nitrobenzene by solutions of nitronium fluoroborate in hydrogen fluoride is shown to be of the first order with respect to both reactants. The rate constant is enhanced as the ionic strength of the medium ... ML Kilpatrick,M Kilpatrick,JG Jones - 《Journal ...
With 1,2,4-trichloro-5-nitrobenzene there is evidence for the intrusion of an extra mechanism for reaction in highly concentrated solutions of dinitrogen pentaoxide. Other substrates studied were 1,2-dichloro-4-nitrobenzene, 1,3-dimethyl-4,6-dinitrobenzene, 2-nitrobenzoic acid, 3-nitrobenzoic ...
With the increase in temperature, there is are more chances of producing more than one nitro group, -NO₂, that gets substituted onto the ring and results in the formation of Nitrobenzene. The concentrated sulfuric acid acts as a catalyst in this reaction. The "nitronium ion" or the "nitr...
These results show that the reaction mechanism likely involves a single electron transfer (SET) process. In the case of the former isomer, the regioselectivity is mainly determined by the symmetry of the HOMO of the aromatic moiety that defines the structure of the SHOMO of the aromatic radical...
The evidence for the proposed mechanism is provided by the results of the experiments, conducted in this work, on nitration of nitrobenzene. Relative magnitudes of the bulk and the interfacial rates during the nitration of nitrobenzene have been determined. The effects of interfacial area, ...
Yields of the expected nitro products from 1-chloro-4-nitrobenzene and 1,3-dichloro-2-nitrobenzene nitrated at 25 °C in sulphuric acid or oleum containing 1 mol dm–3 nitric acid were quantitative. The rate profile for nitration of 1,3-dichloro-2-nitrobenzene is normal, but sulphonation ...
NITROBENZENESNITRATIONNITROTOLUENESEXPLOSIVESCHEMICAL REACTIONSThe objectives of this study were to conduct research into the basic aspects of the mono- di- and trinitration of toluene (and benzene), to clarify the mechanism, and to try to minimize oxidative side reactions....
MechanismThe nitration of various deactivated arenes (including methanesulfonyl-, nitro-, and polyhalobenzenes) was carried out in good yield with mixed nitric-triflatoboric superacid. For example pentafluorobenzene gave pentafluoronitrobenzene in 99% yield, nitrobenzene to m-dinitrobenzene in 92% ...
Two toluene derivatives, 2,4-dinitro-3,5-di-tert-butyltoluene (4) and 2,6-dinitro-3,5-di-tert-butyltoluene (5), are formed in 32 and 2% yields, respectively, by nitration of 2,4,6-tri-tert-butylnitrobenzene with fuming nitric acid. The paths leading to 4 and 5 are characterized...
The mechanism of aromatic nitration is critically reviewed with particular emphasis on the paradox of the high positional selectivity of substitution in spite of low substrate selectivity. Early quantum chemical computations in the gas phase have suggest