For each participant, the clinic's complete chart was available, including biographical and psychiatric history, diagnoses according to the 10th revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10), and a detailed history of recent and lifetime substance-use patterns. Nicotine dependence...
Nicotine, a natural alkaloid that is present in tobacco leaves, is the main addictive component of tobacco that motivates continued use despite the harmful effects. Despite the different ways of taking nicotine, cigarette smoking is the most prevalent form of nic...
A 10-item questionnaire (the Tobacco Dependence Screener; TDS) for screening of tobacco/nicotine dependence according to ICD-10, DSM-III-R, and DSM-IV was newly developed. The reliability and validity were assessed in three samples of smokers in Japan. A total of 58 male smokers completed th...
This analysis examines the relative prevalence of DSM/ICD generic criteria for substance dependence in nicotine vs other substance use. As part of the APA/NIMH DSM-IV field trials, two population-based samples received the WHO CIDI-SAM structured intervi
DSM-IV, unlike ICD-10, provides criteria for diagnosing nicotine withdrawal as a separate nicotine-related disorder. Nicotine withdrawal, as a diagnostic criterion of nicotine dependence, is considered to be manifested either by: (1) the experience of the withdrawal syndrome described below; or (2...
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Substance use, misuse, and dependence are among the most prevalent causes of adolescent morbidity and mortality in the United States. The onset of the opio... S Sussman,B Cowgill,E Galstyan,... 被引量: 0发表: 2018年 Substance Abuse Summary DSM-IV-TR of the American Psychiatric Association...
The use of electronic nicotine delivery systems during pregnancy and the reproductive outcomes: A systematic review of the literature. Tob. Induc. Dis. 2019, 17, 52. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] Cavoretto, P.; Candiani, M.; Giorgione, V.; Inversetti, A.; Abu-Saba, M.M.; ...
If so, how long would it take before continuing use of the chemical resulted in the person becoming totally yet falsely convinced that using more of the chemical was as important as eating food?Hunger for food, hunger for nicotine. Food craves, nicotine craves. "Aaah" wanting satisfaction ...
Another factor that drives nicotine addiction, according to this model, is "neuroadaptations that occur with the persistent use of nicotine (e.g., tolerance)." How does neuroadaptation, and specifically tolerance, contribute to drug addiction? With continued use, tolerance can occur to both the ...