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[83]. Endothelial cell–derived factors play key roles in maintaining the stem cell phenotype in these tissues [72]. In the meantime, themetastatic cancercells are observed closely associated with perivascular sites in breast cancer, lung cancer, andmelanoma metastasisprocesses [39,84]. Both stem...
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Here, we show that tumor ECs supply angiocrine factors to promote chemotherapy resistance and extranodal invasiveness of CD44+IGF1R+CSF1R+ LCs. LCs produce FGF4 to induce expression of Notch ligand Jag1 in ECs. In turn, EC-derived angiocrine Jag1 activates Notch2 in LCs to promote tumor ...
Whilst there is emerging evidence that subtle variation in soil hydrology represents a fundamental fine-scale niche axis within plant communities, this is largely derived from studies of soil hydrology in isolation from other environmental factors.We assessed the comparative importance of fine-scale ...
PRP contains a high concentration of platelets that, when activated, release a variety of growth factors and cytokines, including: • Platelet-Derived Growth Factor (PDGF): Stimulates cell proliferation and angiogenesis. • Transforming Growth Factor-Beta (TGF-β): Promotes cartilage matrix synthesi...
Myeloid cell diversity in the pre-metastatic niche is controlled by the local environment and tumor-derived factors Immunosuppression as a mechanism of tumor promotion in the pre-metastatic niche Does the pre-metastatic niche control tumor cell dormancy? Exosomes as emerging coordinators of the ...
while Wnt/β-catenin signaling promotes HFSC activation and maintains HF growth [17,28,37,38,39,40]. Moreover, the TGF-β2, Foxp1 and oncostatin M signaling pathways have also been shown to regulate hair cycle [16,29,37,41] . Factors that are able to tilt the balance of Wnt/β-cat...
. This discrepancy largely hinges on the biomass of COM nitrifiers and environmental factors23. With diverse microenvironments present within the plastisphere biofilms, nitrification-derived N2O emissions may vary between the plastisphere and surface seawater; however, this has scarcely been characterized....