The results show that aqueous pH and total ammonium concentration are more significant to zinc extraction. The distribution ratio of zinc decreases with the increase of total ammonium concentration and initial pH when aqueous pH>6.81. The effect of chloride ions on the extraction is attributed to ...
∆G◦ (kJ/mol), ∆H◦ (kJ/mol), and ∆S◦ (kJ/mol·K) are the Gibbs free energy, enthalpy, and entropy, respectively. R is the ideal gas constant (8.314 J/ mol·K), and T is the absolute temperature (K) of the aqueous solution. ∆H◦ and ∆S◦ were ...