In this context, the meaning of the hidden layer of different interconnected processing of sensory or observed input data is simple and straightforward. Current and lagged values of interest rates, exchange rates, changes in GDP, and other types of economic and financial news affect further developm...
think of the value returned from the hash table as the pattern that is returned from the output layer of the neural network. The comparison between a hash table and a neural network works well; however, the neural network
Diagnosis of Burn Images using Template Matching, k-Nearest Neighbor and Artificial Neural Network Moosavian, A., Ahmadi, H., Tabatabaeefar, A. & Khazaee, M. 2013. Comparison of Two Classifiers; K-Nearest Neighbor and Artificial Neural Network, for Fault Diagnosis on a Main Engine Journal-...
XSTS is a human evaluation protocol inspired by STS48, emphasizing meaning preservation over fluency. XSTS uses a five-point scale, in which 1 is the lowest score, and 3 represents the acceptability threshold. To ensure consistency not only across languages but also among different evaluators of...
A wide range of practical problems, including segmentation and classification tasks, could be efficiently solved using this tool. Here, the related mathematical models fall into the class of discrete problems. At the same time, we have to keep in mind that the engine of the ANN-based ...
the adaptive neural network and fuzzy inference system. There are five logical blocks in a floating inference method. A fuzzifier transforms individual input numbers into fuzzy sets. In essence, this dynamic unit translates crisp inputs into linguistic meaning compatibility. The database (or dictionar...
17, while a double exponential adaptive threshold model requires decay constants of τ a1 = 30 ms and τ a2 = 300 ms19—the latter being more efficient and sophisticated with four adaptation parameters compared to two parameters in ref. 17. A comparison between baseline LIF ...
In the past decade, deep learning (DL) has achieved unprecedented success in numerous fields, such as computer vision and healthcare. Particularly, DL is e
This survey investigates current techniques for representing qualitative data for use as input to neural networks. Techniques for using qualitative data in neural networks are well known. However, researchers continue to discover new variations or entire
Heterophilic graphs refer to graphs where linked nodes exhibit heterophily, meaning that they have dissimilar features and different class labels [29]. Many real-world graphs, such as transaction networks [45], exhibit heterophily. Recent studies have shown that GNNs do not perform well on hete...