network devices working at the second, data-link layer; routers work at the third, network layer; gateways are the most complex devices with respect to the functionality and work at the fourth layer (transport layer) or the uppermost layers of the OSI reference model. This chapter illustrates ...
802.1BridgingLAN/MAN bridging and management of the lower sublayers of OSI Layer 2 802.2Logical LinkCommonly referred to as the logical link control (LLC) specification 802.3EthernetProvides asynchronous networking by using carrier sense, multiple accesses with collision detect (CSMA/CD) over coaxial ...
This chapter focuses on network media and the physical layer鈥攍ayer 1 of the Open Systems Interconnect (OSI) model. It also presents various layer 1 and layer 2 devices including connectors, transceivers and media converters, repeaters, network interface cards and PC cards, bridges, and switches...
In this chapter, you will learn to:Describe how the functions of the three upper OSI model layers provide ne... ccna, Network Fundamentals, Application Layer Functionality, Protocols, the TCP/IP Application, the function of TCP/IP applications,Network Fundamentals–Chapter ,Công Nghệ Thông...
Ethernet is used in the OSI model at the data link and physical layers. It formed the basis for the IEEE 802.3 Standard. This standard helped to unify network and hardware development. Ethernet is a continually evolving standard, and the original version supported a data transmission rate of on...
The three layers correspond to the network layer, data link layer, and physical layer of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) reference model respectively. Figure 8-3 X.25 protocol layers Physical layer: defines the specifications of electrical interfaces connecting DTE and DCE devices and...
The NMS uses the NETCONF protocol to configure and manage network devices. Figure 15-1 NETCONF system model NETCONF Protocol Architecture Similar to the OSI model, NETCONF includes four layers, as described in Table 15-2. Table 15-2 NETCONF protocol architecture Layer Content Description ...
often to great effect. For example, by limiting sessions and applications at OSI Layers 4–7 instead of Layers 2–3, it becomes possible to isolate certain communications between carefully defined groups of devices, while allowing other communications to operate more freely. This is defined inTable...
The data link layer is the second layer in the OSI reference model, located between the physical layer and network layer. The data link layer obtains service from the physical layer and provides service for the network layer. The basic service that the data link layer provides is to reliably...