Fill in thew blanks: ___ is a set of reactions in which there is the breakdown of glucose into two molecules of pyruvic acid, and ___ is the formation of glucose molecules from noncarbohydrate sources. What is the net gain of ATP molecules produced directly by gl...
Circa 20 years ago, a new type of defense mechanism was described in neutrophils. At the time, this mechanism corresponded to the extrusion of DNA, associated with histones, granular and cytosolic proteins from the cell and it was produced in response to exposure to pathogens or interleukins. ...
The presence of the ATP-ADP system in both the networks could be explained considering that ATP is the main energetic source of spermatozoa. In fact in this cell, the metabolic energy production is fuelled by the glycolysis exclusively, by mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation exclusively, or by ...
Cells incubated with both 5 mM glucose and 10 mM lactate produced lactate aerobically and anaerobically at rates similar to those found when cells were incubated with glucose alone. Anaerobic ATP content in the cells was maintained at greater than 50% of the control, aerobic value, and ...
PRotein Ontology (PRO) Natale et al. (2016) defines taxon-specific and taxon-neutral protein-related entities in three major areas: proteins related by evolution; proteins produced from a given gene; and protein-containing complexes. BRENDA tissue / enzyme source (BTO) Gremse et al. (2010) ...
The voltage across the mitochondrial membrane drives ATP synthesis. High glucose levels enhance glycolysis, increasing electron donation to the ETC. This elevation in electron flux raises the membrane potential, leading to increased electron donation to oxygen, generating reactive oxygen species (ROS), ...