The nervous system of vertebrates consists mainly of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. The nervous systems of invertebrates vary from a simple network of nerves to a complex nerve network under the control of a primitive brain. See also autonomic nervous system, central nervous system, ...
Neuroglia.—Out of this simple structural element, the neurone, the entire nervous system is built. True, the neurones are held in place, and perhaps insulated, by a kind of soft cement calledneuroglia. But this seems to possess no strictly nervous function. The number of the36microscopic ...
Although the anatomy of the nervous system appears complex and daunting, its organization is governed by a set of relatively simple developmental, organizational and functional rules that bring order to it. The functional rules are summarized inTable 1.1. ...
Fig. 1. Diagram of the inter-connections between the Central Nervous System, Immune System, and Endocrine System. Numerous environmental toxins and toxicants are known to have deleterious effects on the INEN (Lawrence and Harry, 2000; Pabello and Lawrence, 2006). The heavy metal toxicant Pb is...
Peripheral Nervous System is the component of the nervous system which is divided into somatic and the autonomic nervous system.
To continue with the analogy of the circuit diagram, there are three different types of “junctions” that operate within the sympathetic system (Figure 2). The first type is most direct: the sympathetic nerve projects to the chain ganglion at the same level as thetarget effector(the organ, ...
Endometriosis is a chronic inflammatory disease where endometrial tissue grows on surfaces outside the uterus, which negatively impacts the reproductive system, causes chronic pain, and reduces the quality of life. The ectopic lesions are commonly discovered on the pelvic organs and peritoneum, but ...
Nerve processes come in an amazing variety of sizes and shapes, especially in the central nervous system (CNS) (brain and spinal cord) (Fig. 2.27). Each of these is related to some functional quality. For example, very simple bipolar neurons contain two short processes which connect to other...
Central Nervous System Structure and Function, 806 Dysfunction/Responses to Injury, 815 Portals of Entry/Pathways of Spread, 827 Defense Mechanisms/Barrier Systems, 828 Disorders of Domestic Animals, 830 Disorders of Horses, 876 Disorders of Ruminants (Cattle, Sheep, and Goats), 881 Disorders of ...
Despite extensive studies on proteasome function in neuronal signaling, the role of the 20S proteasome in the nervous system has remained unknown. Critically, the functional studies addressing the role for proteasomes in the nervous system have either failed to discriminate between 20S and 26S ...