Focus on the Family has a knack for skewing virtually every public policy matter that they address. Their otherwise fabulous brief anti-pot video for example, screams "Say No To Big Marijuana". Unavoidably therefore, as words have meaning, Focus thus inherently whispers, "but as for little ...
Positive reinforcement theories, by contrast, argue that the excessively rewarding effects of drugs drive persistent drug use independently of the withdrawal syndrome [12,13,14,15]. The challenge for positive reinforcement theories is to explain why drug use persists when addicts claim the drug has ...
The prevalence of marijuana use among pregnant women is high. However, the effects on gestation and fetal development are not well known. Epidemiological and experimental studies present conflicting results because of the route of administration, dose, time of exposure, species used, and how Cannabis...
Clinicians have found that psychological dependence is the most important factor in relapse (Zeng & Chen,2020). In previous studies have explored the effects of variables such as family functioning (Zeng & Tan,2021), self-concept (Chung & Maisto,2016), negative motions (Cavicchioli et al.,2019...
Teens who use marijuana, methamphetamines, orcan also show symptoms similar to those of schizophrenia. Unlike adults with the disorder, teens with schizophrenia are more likely to have visual hallucinations and less likely to have delusions. Some common complications of schizophrenia are alcohol and dr...
WIN mimics delta-9-THC (THC), which is also a CB1/2 receptor agonist and it can also mimic most of marijuana and hashish effects (Richardson et al., 2002, Viveros et al., 2005). The exposure to trauma and SRs model allows measuring anxiety, startle response and deficits in fear ...
Emerging research on psychological adjustment during the COVID-19 outbreak has suggested that young people may be particularly vulnerable to increases in negative affect during the pandemic. However, the association between alcohol use in youth and chang
status to COVID-19; life changes due to the COVID-19 pandemic (e.g., changes in employment or schooling); behaviors (e.g., sleep, time spent outdoors); emotions (e.g., worry, fear); media use (e.g., social media, video games); and substance use (e.g., alcohol, marijuana)....