Natural immunity happens after you get infected by a germ and your immune system responds by making antibodies to it. The infection could make you sick. But if you’re exposed to that germ in the future, your body’s defenses spot it and fight back with antibodies. This makes you less l...
iron pools. Excessive free iron then accelerates lipid peroxidation and the Fenton reaction, ultimately resulting in ferroptosis [40]. The degradation of ferritin is accelerated either by activating a selective cargo receptor for ferritin autophagy, nuclear receptor coactivator 4 (NCOA4), or by inhibit...
Most individuals have an adverse response to certain foods and food additives, so it should be no surprise that specific dietary changes can also mediate behavior linked to ADD. Try eliminating trigger foods until you experience a positive reaction. Many individuals with the condition react to ...
PI3Ks catalyze the conversion of phosphatidylinositol (4,5)-bisphosphate (PIP2) to PIP3, and Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) converses its reaction. The PIP2 conversion recruits and activates the AKT, promoting mTOR activation [6]. PI3K, AKT, and mTOR are oncogenic proteins. In contrast...
Inhibitor receptor overexpression appears to be a feature of endometriosis, evidenced by several of the studies explored. Matsuoka et al. [10] observed that ITIM (inhibition) receptor domains were more prevalent than ITAM (activation) receptor domains in NK cells found in the peripheral blood of ...
Both treatments were able to noticeably improve the histopathological changes of the hippocampus. Collectively, ASHP and its bioactive components exhibited neuroprotective effects by improving cognitive disorders, inhibiting the inflammatory reaction, and preventing oxidative stress, supporting their potential in...
Using the VAS, patients were questioned about xerostomia before receiving ginger treatment or a placebo. On day 14, the mean treatment effect was 33.7 ± 20.9 mm VAS score in the ginger group and 23.6 ± 17.3 mm VAS score in the placebo group. The study demonstrated a borderline significant...
Indeed, the antioxidant activity depends on the interactions in the reaction media between the substrate(s) (radicals) and the active molecule(s) that trap them [48]. The effectiveness of the antioxidants can be attributed to the high amount of the main constituents, mostly the phenolics, and...
Under conditions which cause the radical to undergo a reaction leading to a stable and non-harmful final product, the compounds exhibit anti-oxidant activity. When the formed radical takes part in other oxidation reactions, the compound exhibits pro-oxidant properties [57]. As mentioned above, ...
Similar to metallic nanoparticles showing intrinsic activity, these nanoparticles act as a carrier for the bioactives that are physically surface-functionalized. The syntheses of nanoparticles often utilize a salt that is exposed to a redox reaction caused by natural extracts or bioactive compounds under...