In the domain of adjectives, the kin notion of gradability—(un)boundedness of the scalar structure associated with properties—has also proved crucial in establishing different semantically and syntactically relevant classes within this category (Kennedy and McNally 1999). All in all, the property of...
Our view contrasts with the perspective of formal linguistics, which has left the referential aspect of language largely aside during the last 50 years, confining itself to an 'internalist' inquiry as defined in Chomsky (2000). Independent linguistic evidence as synthesized in Hinzen and Sheehan ...
The introduction sets out formally various classes of grammars and languages. Probabilistic grammars are introduced in SectionGrammars and Languages, along with the basic issues of parametric representation, inference, and computation. View chapter
How corpus linguistics became the field that it is today The different areas of linguistics and how they relate to annotation and ML tasks What a corpus is, and what makes a corpus balanced How some classic ML problems are represented with annotations The basics of the annotation development cyc...
existing structure is linked to the larger structure (Travis2005:327, attributed to Ken Hale MIT classes in the 1980s; see also Grohmann2003). This parallelism, schematized in (5), would be coincidental if there was no universally pre-determined order in the projection of functional categories...
FIG. 2 shows schematically a method200for natural language processing as used in the system100of FIG. 1. In FIG. 2 item202represents the spoken word sounds “I think, you know, I want to.” These sounds would be instantly recognized by a person and most likely could be safely interpreted...
The algorithm is based on the intuition that snippets can be grouped into natural classes by looking at the number of “concepts” (nominal roots) they happen to share. The most relevant roots are used as concept labels for clusters, and clusters are arranged hierarchically, with each sub...
A data processing apparatus is configured to receive a first string related to a natural-language voice user entry and a second string including at least one natural-language refinement to the user entry; parse the first string into a first set of one or more tokens and the second string int...
but which otherwise re-main as the true phonology of the language. The theory came to be called Natural Pho-nology, since it treated of “natural processes” (processes which are innate in the sensethat “natural classes” of sounds are innate) as opposed to conventional rules imposed bythe...
They see the same exponential decay pattern in classes of strong verbs as in individual verbs (money quote: “Like a Cheshire cat, dying rules vanish one instance at a time, leaving behind a unimodal frown.”) Their estimate for the loss of all the strong verbs is 14,400 years from now...