Gathering support, he convened the Erzurum Congress, which laid the groundwork for the National Pact and established Ankara as the center of resistance against Allied interference. Turkey gained independence and established the Republic of Turkey in 1923 as a result of battles against Greek forces...
“This goes back to Iran-Contra,” a former National Security Council aide told me. “And much of what they’re doing is to keep the agency out of it.” He said that Congress was not being briefed on the full extent of the U.S.-Saudi operations. And, he said, “The C.I.A. i...
she said she had not been familiar with the political extremism espoused by AFPAC and its founder Fuentes prior to taking part in the event, telling a reporter, “Well, you know what, Nick Fuentes, as I said, I don
The outbreak of the Second World War brought the differences among the nationalist forces out into the open. While the Congress’s provincial ministries resigned in protest against the British government’s decision to make India a party to the War without her consent, Hindu Mahasabha leade...
Bitterly attacked in 1966 during the Cultural Revolution (1966–76), Chen Yi was dropped from the Politburo at the Ninth Party Congress in 1969, but he remained a member of the Central Committee and retained most of his other offices. Britannica Quiz Pop Quiz: 17 Things to Know About World...
both Congress Party leaders andMuslim LeagueleaderMohammed Ali Jinnah, the founder of Pakistan, for the ultimate division of the subcontinent. When post-partition riots broke out, Azad appealed to Muslims to keep the peace and remain in India, giving a historic speech at the Jama Masjid inDelhi...
Giuseppe Mazzini was a Genoese propagandist and revolutionary, founder of the secret revolutionary society Young Italy (1832), and a champion of the movement for Italian unity known as the Risorgimento. An uncompromising republican, he refused to partici
The Indian Supreme Court ruled for Shah Bano, yet the Congress Party, the BJP’s main rival, passed a law essentially nullifying the verdict to appease conservative Muslim voters. Aside from claiming on such grounds that they are truly secular, Hindu nationalists also suggest that the separation...
“In the history of religions, you have long periods of perversion of the ideals of the original founder,” he said. Formed in 2012, the Bodu Bala Sena was born as a vehicle to more stridently defend Sinhalese Buddhism, when Gnanasara and a fellow monk broke away from another monk-led...